n CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
-Intelligence Information Cable
ncvrnie9
ages
TATt/IHR OIA ARMY NAVY AIR JCR fICOM HFC AID A (Wt OCR CO* CIA/HMCC
Tkiicsalain* mrormailao iVHi( lb*i-Suua aitlblB iba okiim or iba EaelrcAaa Ion,
n>u nd mi nananiaaoc or raaaJallon of vOMb lo aqf manna: lo aa udbuumuiwI canoa la ptnbtMIad br lav.
country doi
subject
anmm.M. ;jcriglnci
^^wlHB-BBBB-BB Asm
* - 7
CKXKA
f
the city OF ram3-iii
source
/
'.aEirr situation.nor aii official jUDGSEirr dy Tins agency or Airy comfoikiit. is represents the observations andof tie staff officer and is based on iiiro.-civnon
available to him at the tec OF *tj3 reparation. prepared for internal useuide to the opsratioftt lthis cgmeniarti3se1ihatsd ih the belief that it may be useful to other acetic les Hi assess i? IG the sttuatioh for their own purposes.
summary. the people's liberation ARtff in canton and kwaiwtutc is thyttc ih an uneven way to form hao's grand alliatce and replace we senior cadres of the communist party.
by7 canton city remained xn the throes op mao's great prolctariai! cultural revoijjrion (cfcr). as paris dominates france, canton dohiiiates klfanctutc province, and it is difficult to IfflOW where cahtoh autnority ceases and provincial authority beginsen perhaps watching
canton evepts from Peking is no less difficult than from none none
reader will recall that CROU eh-lax, speakttc
t: -m
VISION. IN OUR LAST LOOK AT CANTONTHE PEOPLE
IN FRONT OF VARIOUS STATE COUNCIL DEPARTMENTS ON PRIL, SUMMED UP THE PROGRESS MADE IN OVERTURNING THE PROVINCIAL PARTY OFFICES THROUGHOUT CHINA AND REPLACING THEM WITH REVOLUTIONARY ORGANIZATIONS IN THE GPCR MOLD. CHOUKWANGTUNG PROVINCE AS ONE UNDER MILITARY SUPEH-
ARMY (PLA) HAD TAKEN CONTROL OF THE CITY ONARCH AND BEGUN TO RESOLVE THE POWER STRUGGLE WHICH HAD SEESAWED THROUGH THE GOVERNMENT OFFICES SINCE JANUARY. THE FIRST ACTION TAKEN BY THE PLA WAS TOILITARY CONTROL COMMITTEE, ALTHOUGH THIS HAS NOT AS YET BEEN PUB-LICALLY ANNOUNCED. SINCE MILITARY CONTROL COMMITTEES HAVE APPEARED IN OTHER AREAS THIS SPRING, THESE APPEAR TO BE AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE NEW CONTROL STRUCTURE FOR CHINA.
L. IN SEIZING POWER, ISEICHOW PROVINCE HAS BEEN THE MODEL. PEOPLE'S DAILY ONEBRUARY CAREFULLY DESCRIBED THIS MODEL WHICH INSTRUCTED MAO'S REVOLUTIONARIES TOA REVOLUTIONARY COMMITTEE UNDER WHICH WOULD BE FOUR
ENTITIES: fi CULTURAL REVOLUTIONRODUCTION GROUP,
A SECURITY GROUP,ECRETARIAT. SUBORDINATE TO THE COMMITTEE AND THE GROUPSUMBER OF FUNCTIONAL OFFICES
TO ADMINISTER AGRICULTURAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND CULTURAL AFFAIRS
AND SIMILAR FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENT. AT THE TIME, THE
PEOPLE'S DAILY DID NOTIMILAR RE-ORGANIZATION IN
THE ARMY, BUT IT SEEMS OBVIOUS THAT ONE WOULD BE NEEDED AND
THAT THE MILITARY CONTROL COMMITTEES WOULD FIT THIS NEED.
SlNCF MID-MARCH TKE AWrHAS APPARENTLY BEEN STRUG-
CLINH TO ESTABLISH IN CANTON THC PROPER KIND OF MAOIST
POWER SEIZUREOVERNMENT WHICH WOULD CONSIST OF THE
THREE-WAY ALLIANCE OF REVOLUTIONAIRES, MILITARY CADRES, AND
FORMER PARTY CADRES WHO HAD BEEN ADJUDGED GOOD CADRES. THE
MILITARY CONTROL COMMITTEE IN CANTON WAS APPARENTLY SUPPORTED
BY PLA TROOPS FROM NORTHERN CHINA SINCE THEY BEGAN TO ARRIVE
H CANTON IN MID-MARCH. BY THE END OF MARCH, THE ARMY HAD
TAKEN OVER THE PUBLIC MEDIA,CLOSED DOWN THE SQUABBLING
NEWSPAPERS, RE-OPENED AND BEGUN MILITARY TRAINING IH THE
SCHOOLS. EW RECTIFICATION MOVEM ERT.BEGAN IN KWANGTUNG
PROVINCE AND WAS ANNOUNCED OVER CANTON RADIO ON 14 MARCH.
page h Ofages
ALL THESE ACTIVITIES WERET TO ESTA3LISH ARMY CONTROL IN THE MINDS OF THE POPULACE; THE.REALLY MAJOR PROBLEMS WERE YET TOACED.
t. PRIL CANTON CARRIED AN OPEN LETTER TO TH- REVOLUTIONARIES IN TKE CAMTOI AREA WHICH DISCUSSED THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE OF TKE CARTON AREA REVOLUTIONARY STAFF AND WORKERS' CONGRESS. THE ANNOUNCEMENT SAID THAT HE COiJGRESS VOULD BEGIN BY TKE END OF APRIL AND THAT IT WOULD BRING ABOUT TKE GREAT ALLIANCE OF PROLETARIAN REVOLU-TDF1ARIES CALLED FOR INEICHOV MODEL. PUBLIC MEETINGS SERE HELD THROUGHOUT CARTONYSMPOSIUM WHICH EXHORTED THE REVOLUTIONARIES TO GRASP REVOLUTION ANDUBLIC SLOSAN OF THESUB-GROUP IN PEKING.
AT THE SAME TIME, THROUGHOUTE TEMPO OF THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST PRESIDENT LIU SKAO-CHI AND TENG KSI AO-PINS WAS GREATLY STEPPED UP AS IT WAS THROUGHOUT THE REST OF CHINA. SIMULTANEOUSLY, TKE PLA BEGAN TO CLEAN UP THE CITY; POSTERS WERE REMOVED, PUBLIC BUILDINGS SCRUBBED AND REPAINTED. THE CLEANUP HERALDED TWO EVENTS: Y CHOU EN-LAI BETWEEN ND PRIL AND THE COMMENCEMENT
OF TKE CANTON TRADE FAIR, ONPRIL.
5. ALTHOUGH WE CANNOT YET BE SURE, IT APPEARS THAT CHCU EN-LAI PAID HIS VISIT BEFORE THE REVOLUTIONARY STAFF AW WORKERS' CONGRESS WAS CONVENED. THE VISIT WAS OBVIOUSLY AN IMPORTANT MATTER. THE PREPARATORY COMMITTEE HAO NOT OVERLOOKED SETTING THE RIGHT IDEOLOGICAL TONE. MAO TSE -TUNG THOUGHT PROPAGANDA GATHERING" WAS HELD TO ALLOW FIVE THOUSAND REVOLUTIONARY WORKERS TO PLEDGE THEIR SUPPORT TO MAO. SUCH MEETINGS PARALLELED OTHERS HELD TO DENOUNCE LI SKAO-CHI. CHOU'S VISIT ALSO GAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO DEMONSTRATE PREPARATIONS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT HREE-WAY ALLIANCE IN CANTON CITY. THE HEAD OF THE CANTON MILITARY AREA AT THAT TIME, HUANG YUNG-SHENG,EETING ONPRIL OF CITY-WIDE RED GUARD GROUPS TO GIVELATFORM FROM WHICH TO SPEAK. CHOU OROVE HOME THE IMPORTANT POINTS. HE EXPLAINED THE GPCR, OUTLINED THE REASONS FOR MILITARY CONTROL OF XWANGTUNG PRIVINCE, DESCRIBED THE REVOLUTIONARY ORGANIZATIONS AND POINTED OUT THAI THE CANTOS FAIR HAD TOUCCESS FOR NATIONAL PURPOSES. AS FAR AS THE THREE-WAY ALLIANCE WENT, CHOU EXONERATED GENERAL
X1)
f ID PAGES
>
KUAUG OF EARLIER CRITICISMS AND SAID THAT HUANG REMAINED ACCEPTABLE TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. CHOU WAS LESS EASY ON THE FORMER PROVINCIAL PARTY AUTHORITIES. THE UNITEDOF KWANGTUNG REVOLUTIONARY REBELS CUCKRR-OR INCHINESE, THE SHENG XO LIEN) WHICH WE DESCRIBED IN OUR EARLIER CITY OF RAMS PAPERS TO HAVEOOL OF THE PROVINCIAL PARTY AUTHORITIES TO OPPOSE MAO'S PURGE, WAS S'JM'IARILY DISMISSEDHOU IN HIS SPEECH TO TKE COLLECTED RED GUARDS. CHOU POINTED OUT THAT TAO CHU HAD MISLED- CANTON RESIDENTS INTO BELIEVING THAT THE SHENG KO LIEN WAS REALLY AORGANIZATION BUT THAT HE, CHOU EN-LAI, COULD ASSURE THEM IT WAS NOT. CHOU'S SPEECH MUST HAVE SEEN THE DEATHO THE ORGANIZATIONAL EFFORTS BY THE PARTYI'J XVANGTUNG TO CAPTURE THE GPCR THROUGH THE UCKRR FRONT iECHANISM. NEVERTHELESS, CHOU CONTINUED TO NOTE THATMG-U? RED GUARD ORGANIZATIONS IN CANTON CONTAINED MANY "CONSERVATIVE" ELEMEWTS NOT YET RECONCILED WITH THE GPCR. CHOU CLASSIFIED OTHER RED GUARD GROUPS AS CONSERVATIVE.MORE CONSERVATIVE, AND MOST CONSERVATIVE; THE LAST OF WHICH WAS REPRESENTEDHE SOLDIERS OF MAO TSE-TUNG'S PRINCIPLES.
PAGI 7 OF loPAOtS
mm
.
CHOU AT NO POINT HINTED THAT THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION IN
CANTON VA5 COMPLETE 3UT ONLY THAT THE POWERAS
IN AN IMMEDIATE AND CRUCIAL STAGE. rfEUJEU-S
r-TZ, THE CITY WENT INTO THE CANTON FAIR AND THROUGHSECOND WEEK OF MAY, GAVE THE APPEARANCEITY UNDER
GOOD DISCIPLINE AND IN NO PARTICULAR TROUBLE.
9. ACTUALLY, THIS WAS NOT THE CASE. CONSTANT CLASHES WE IT ON THROUGHOUT THE CITY AMONG THE RIVAL RED GUARD GROUPS. SEVERAL REPORTS CITE THE AGGRESSIVENESS OF THE SOLDIERS OF MAO TSE-TUNG'S PRINCIPLES, AM ORGANIZATION WHICH HAS COME TO CONTAIN MANY OF THE INDIVIDUALS WHO WEREIN THE UNITED ACTION COMMITTEE. THERE SEEMSHAT THE "SOLDIERS"UE TOITAL SHOCK FORCESEDORMER PARTY FUNCTIONARIES STILL IN CONTROL IN MANY CANTON CITY OFFICES.
lf> iE HAVE AS YET RECEIVED NO REPORTS OV- HOW THE REVOLUTIONARY STAFF AND WORKERS' CONGRESS WORKEO OUT. SOME SORT OF CONGRESS, HOWEVER,Y DID OCCUR SINCE WE RECEIVED A REPORT IN MID-MAY CF TKE FORMATION OF ACOMMITTEE IN LATE APRIL. THE REPORTER STATED THAT
page 8 ofages
THIS COMMITTEE WAS FORMED TO SUPERVISE THE ADMINISTRATION
OF THE CITY. HE NOTED THAT THE COMMITTEE COULD CRITICIZE
BUT NOT DISMISS OFFICIALS AND THAI THE COMMITTEE, WHEN
FACEDISPUTE, TURNED TO THE PLA FOR ADJUDICATION.
THERE HAS BEEN NO PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FORMATION OF
THIS COMMITTEE BUT IT SEEMS LOGICAL THAT THE REVOLUTIONARY
COMMITTEE OR ITS PREPARATORY COMMITTEE DOES EXIST.
lL. THERE IS ALSO THAT THE MILITARY AUTHORITY
WASCONSTANT CHALLENGE THROUGHOUT MAY AND JUNE.TAFF MEMBER OF THE CHU HA I FILM STUDIO, HSIANG MING, A
YOUNG RED GUARD, PRIVIDES AN EXAMPLE. HSIANGILM STUDIO EMPLOYEE WHO JOINED TKE UCKRR AND AT ONE POINT IN A RAID ON AN ARMY INSTALLATION. HE WAS T'rS PUBLIC SECURITY 3UREAU AND IMPRISONED. ARLY APRIL PRESSURE WAS BEING BROUGHT AGAINST THE ARMY AUTHORITIES TO RELEASE HSIANG WHICH THE FORMER THEN REFUSED TO DO (HSIANG WAS EVENTUALLY RELEASED). DURING HIS VISIT CHO'JAS ASKED TO MEDIATE HSIANG'S CASE BUT HE WASAHO LEFT BEFORE THE MATTER WAS FULLY RESOLVED. IN EARLY MAY SEVERAL HUNDRED MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS BEGAN IX-DAY
HJWGER STRIKE TO PROTEST HSlANG'S IMPRISONMENT. THE STRIKE STOPPED WHEN SEVERAL STUDENTS FAINTED AND WERE TAKEN
OSPITAL; BUT SEVERAL TIMES DURING THE HUNGER STRIKE
SEVERAL THOUSAND DEMONSTRATORS FORMED IN FRONT OF THE PUBLIC
SECURITY BUREAU ALSO WHERE HSIANG WAS IMPRISONED.
02. THE CLOSURE OF THE FAIR ON AY SIGNALED MORE
CLASHES THROUGHOUT THE CITY. HUNGER STRIKES CONTINUED WITH
THE FAST OF SIXTY WORKERS II THE PEOPLE'S PARK BETWEEN
AY ANDAY FOR REASONS YET UNKNOUN. TO CONTROL THE
STREETS, THE MILITARY AUTHORITIES RAN LOUDSPEAKER TRUCKS
THROUGHOUT CANTON, 'JARNING OF AN IMMINENT AMERICAN BOMBING
OF THE CITY. ANOTHER DISTRACTION WAS THE BEGINNINGAMPAIGN WHICH LASTED THROUGH THE END OF THE MONTH AND INTO
EJRLY JUNE, DRAWING TOGETHER NUMBERS OF DEMONSTRATORS IN SUPPORT OF THE COMMUNIST STRUGGLE IN HONG KONG. THE PLAWENT SO FAR AS TO CLAIM TKAT MILITARY TRAINING OF SOME RED GUARDS WAS FOR POSSIBLE USE IN HONG KONG.
13. THESE DISTRACTIONS HOWEVER COULD NOT HIDE ORTHE UNREST IN THE CITY. BY MID-JUNE THE ARMY BEGAN PREPARINGUBLIC STRUGGLE AGAINST THE FORMER PROVINCIAL PARTY SECRETARY, CHAO TZE-YANG, AND THE FORMER CANTON CITY
PAGEFAGES
MAYOR, TSENG SKENG. THERE IS, MOREOVER, INDICATION TKAT NORTHERN RED GUARDS ARE BEING DRAWN INTO CANTON TO ASSIST THE MILITARY IN HANDLING THE DISSIDENT RED GUARD GROUPS SUCH AS THE SOLDIERS OF MAORINCIPLES. UP TO MID-JUNE THE LATTER CONTINUED THEIR DEPREDATIONS THROUGHOUT TKE CITY, VICTIMIZING OVERSEAS Cr^iS AS WELL AS RESIDENTS.
THE UNEVEN COURSE OF TKE PURGE IN CANTON PARALLELS SIMILAR PURGES THROUGHOUT THE NATION. MAO'S ACTIONS TO PURGE HIS CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY ARE IN MIOSTREAM. ASLOOD PERIOD WHEN THE HARASSED OBSERVER CANNOT DETERMINE THE EXACT MOMENT OF CRESTING, SO WE CANNOT TELL TKE PURGE WILL WIDEN OR BEGIN. WE REASON HOWEVER THAT IT HAS FURTHER TO RUN. AT SOME POINT TKE PARTY :fl THE INDUSTRIES AND THE COMMUNES MUST BE PURGED 3EF0RE TKE NEXT GREAT LEAP FORWARD CAN BE UNDERTAKEN. URGE WILL DWARF THE EVENTS OF THE PAST YEAR.
FIELD DISSEM: GI-.TS, CEKFAC, PACFU, ARPAC, PACAF.
Original document.
Comment about this article, ask questions, or add new information about this topic: