THE EVENTS OF THE PAST SEVERAL MONTHS HAVE RAISED ANfW CONCERNS In THE UNITEO STATES ABOUT SECRET OPERATIONS ANO WHETHER SUCH ACTIVITY IS
APPROPRIATEEMOCRACY SUCH AS OURS. MHAI Wt HAVE IEARNFD--ANOANT TO DISCUSS KITH TOO TODAY-ARE THE CIRCUMSTANCES UNDER WHICH THE
USE Of SECRET IkTELLIGENCE CANERT APPROPRIATE AND NECESSARY TOOL
OF GOVERNMENT VITAL TO OUR NATIONAL SECURITY.
NOT LEWG AGO SOMEBQOY CAVEAPEL BUTTON WHICH READS, "MY JOB IS SO SECRET THATON'T KNOWH DOING." AFTER ELEVEN OR TWELVE WEEKS THAT MAY BE TRUE. AT LEAST THERE KAY BE SOME CORRELATION BETWEEN THAT STATEMENT AND HOW WE FEEL ABOUT SECRECY. II CONJURES UP IRAGES OF ORHtLLIAM INTRUSION BY GOVERNMENT, OF CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES IHAT PUT AT RISK OUR MOST CHERISHED INSTITUTIONS AND OUR INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES, Of MISTAKES AND BLUNDERS CONCEALED WITHIN DOCUMENTS CLASSIFIED SECRET OR "EYES ONLY."
THESE IMAGES-COUPLED WITH THE ROMANTIC IDEAS ABOUT SECRET INTELLIGENCE GEKERATtO BY FICTION AND MOTION PICTURES-TEND TO MASK WHAT
INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION IS REALLY ALL ABOUT. INTELLIGENCE INVOLVES THE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION ABOUTHE WORLD THAT MAY THREATEN THE SECURITY OR INTERESTS Of THE UNITEO STATES AND USHINK IT IS INSTRUCTIVE THAT DOR CONSTITUTION,INGLE REVERENCE TO INTELLIGENCE, HAS ACCQMHOOAUD THIS FUNCTION SO VITAL TO OUR NATIONAL SECURITY, AMD HASYSTEM OF OVERSIGHT THROUGH THE SEPARATIONS TO KAKE THE INTELLIGENCE FUNCTION CCMPATI6LE WITH OUR FREE SOCIETY. ThE QUESTION IS, OF COURSE, HOW WEILUSE THAT ACCOMMODATION.
EAF OR TWO FROM MY EXPERIENCES ON THE FEfERAL BENCH AND AS DIRECTOR OF THEAVE TAKEN UP MY NEW RESPONSIBILITIES WITH TWO DEEPLY HELO CARDINAL THESES: FIRST, THAT THE INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES VITAL TO THE PROTECTION AND PRESERVATION Of OUR NATIONAL SECURITY MUST BE CONJUCIEO OBJECTIVELY. PROFESSIONALLY, AND LAWFULLY, WITH ABSOLUTE FIDELITY TO OUR CONSTITUTION AND TO OUR LAWS. AND, SECONO, THERE MUSTRUSTWORTHY SYSTEM Of OVERSIGHT AND ACCOUNTABILITY WHICH BUILOS. RATHER THAN ERODES, TRUST BETWEEN THOSE WHO HAVE THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR MANAGING
OUR INTELLIGENT STSTEM AND NOSE MHO ACT AS SURROGATES FOR THE AMERICA* PEOPLE.
INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION MB ANALYSIS HAS ALWAYSAJOR ROLE IM OUR HISTORY ANO IS AT LEAST AS OLO AS OUR CONSTITUTION. OUPLE OF YEARS AGO. MALCOLM FURBES PRESENTEO BILL CASEY ANO ME WITH FACSIMILESETTER BY UEURviE WASHINGTON WRIIIEN TO MAJCR TALLMADGE ONN WHICH HE OUTLlSLO SOME OF HIS THOUGHTS ABOUT THE NEED FOR. AMD 'HE REQUIREMENTS OF, GOOO INTELLIGENCE WORK. M ALSO REMINDED THATASHINGTON WROTE TO COLONEL ELMS OAYION DISCUSSING THE NEEDS Of INTELLIGENCE IN THESE WORDS: "THE NECESSITY OF PROCURING GOOD INTELLIGENCE IS APPARENT ANDOT BE FURTHER URGED. ALL THAT REMAINS FOR MEDO IS THAT YOU KEEP THE WHOLE HATTER AS SECRET AS POSSIBLE. FOR UPON SECRECY, SUCCESS DEPENDS IN MOST ENTERPRISES Of THIS KIND, AND FOR WANT OF II THEY ARE GENERALLY DEFEATED." ECRET FUNDIHG FDR FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIESHALI2E0 BY CONGRESS IN THE FORMECRET CONTINGENCYOR USE BY THE PRESIDENT.
IQOAV OUR GOVERNMENT DEPENDS HEAVILY UPON ACCURATE INTELLIGENCE: INTELLIGENCE TO FORMULATE ANO CONDUCT OUR FOREIGN POLICY, INTELLIGENCE TO VERIFY THE ARH$ AGREEMENTS THAT WE HAVE SIGKEO AM) TO JUtUE WHETHER OR NOi ME COME TO TERMS WITH OTHER ARMS AGREEMENTS HOW ONBLE. AND INTELLIGENCE TO UNDERSIANO BOTH THE MILITARY CAPABILITIES ANO THE INTENTIONS OF OUR ADVERSARIES. OUR PRIMARY CONSUMERS ARE THE PRESIDENT, THE VICE PRESIDENT, THE SECRETARY OF STATE, THE SECRETARY OF OEFENSE, THE
SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY, THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL, AMD OF COURSE.
THE INTELLIGENCE OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE AhO THE SENATE.
INTELLIGENCE-POLITICAL, ECONUM1C, AND Hill TART-MIS! BE GATHERED EARLT AMD ACCURATELY. AY NOT FAR FRJK HERE IN COLORADO SPRINGS, AT NORAO, WHICH IS THE HEADQUARTERS FOR ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL EARLV WARNING SYSTEMS FOR OUR COUNTRY'S NATIONAL DEFENSE. AY THERE CANT HELP BUT MAKE ONE AWARE OF THE CRITICAL IMPORTANCE OF GATHERING EARLT ANO ACCURATE INTELLIGENCE FOR OUR NATIONAL DEFENSE. OUR FOREFATHERS MAY HAVE HAD WEEKS OR MONTHS TO CUNSIDER HON THEY WOULD
*
RTSP0NOHREATSUR SECURITYWE THINK III TEST'S OF SECONDS OR MINUTES. AHO WE CANNOT AFFORD TO HUE MISTAKES.
IN THE EARLY DAYS, INTELLIGENCE FROM HUMAN SOURCES-SPIES. IF YOU HILL-MADE UP THE GREAT BULK OF SECRET MATERIAL THAT. ADDEO TO THE NORMAL KINDS OF OPEN INFORMATION GATHERED BY ATTACHES AND OIPLOMATS OR FROM OPEN OK PUBLIC SOURCES. EKABLEO INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS TO PIECEOSAIC OFUI THREATS TOECURITY. TODAY, THE FORKS OF INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION VARY FROM IRAOIIIONAL HUMAN SOURCES TO SIGNALS AND COMMUNICATIONS INTELLIGENCE, AS WELL AS IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE INVOLVING SATELLITES WITH ALMOST NEAR REALTIME CAPABILITY. WE KNCN THAI EACH OF THESE ME THUDS IS NECESSARY TO MAKE THE MOSAIC AS COMPLETE ASUT WE ALSO KNOW THAT WE WILL STILL BE SEEING ONLY PARI OF THE PICTURE. AND WE KNOW THAT OUR ADVERSARIES ARE TRYING TO CONFUSE AND DECEIVE US, COMPLICATING AMD CLOUDING OUR VISION FROM THE SKY CR THE GROUND.
II WOULU BE NICE TO THINK THAT TECHNICAL SYSTEMS COULO EVENTUALLY OBVIATE THE NEEU FOR ESPIONAGE AGAINST OUR COMPETITORS ANO ADVERSARIES,HINK EXPERIENCE SHOWS THAT IT IS THE COMBINATION OF TECHNICALLY GATHERED MATERIALS, ALONG NITH INFORMATION FROM HUMAN SOURCES THAT MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR US TO MAKE JUDGEMENTS ABOUT EVENTS IN THE WORLO. ONLY HUMAN SOURCES CAN PROVIDE INSIGHTS INTO THE INTENTIONS AND ATTITUDES OF OUR ADVERSARIES. AND ONLY HUMAN SOURCES CAN TBI US WHY EVENTS KAY HAVE OEVELOPEO ACCORDINGARTICULAR PATTERN, EVEN THOUGH THE PAIIERN ITSELF KAY BE QUITE VISIBLE TO TECHNICAL SENSORS.
COLLECTING INFORMATIONRITICAL PART OF INTELlIGFNCE, BUT IT IS ONLY THE FIRST STEP IN THE INTELLIGENCE PROCESS. THE ENORMOUS COST OF HIGHLY SOPHISTICATED COLLECTION SYSIEHS-ANO OJR VORlDWlOE NETWORK OF HUMAN SOURCES-WOULD BE OF LITTLE VALUE IF WE COULD NOT RElIVER MEANINGFUL JUDGEMENTS ABOUT THE INFORMATION ONCE II IS COLLECTED. INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS IS JUST AS IMPORTANT AS INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION.
1 CAN ONLY UNDERSCORE HOW BITS AND PUCES 01 INFORMATION ARE VIRTUALLY MEANINGLESS UNLESS ASSESSEO AMD BROUGHT TOGETHEROMPREHENSIVE AND MEANINGFUL PATTERN. SOME OBSERVERS OF OUR SYSTEM HAVE CHARGED RECENTLY THAT OUR INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS HAS BEEN POLITICIZED; THAT IT HAS BEEN ALIEKIO OR SKEWED TO HAKE POLICYMAKERS MORE COMFORTABLE, OR THAT IT HAS BEEN "COOKED" TO TELL POLICYMAKERS ONLY WHAT THEY WANT TO HEAR. UNLESS INTELLIGENCE IS COLLECTED AND ANALYZED IN AN OBJECTIVE WAY. Wt WILL FAIL IN OUR OUIY TO THOSE ELECTED TO LEAD OUR COUNTRY. THEYIGHT TO EXPECT THAI THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AND HIS PEOPLE WILL PROVIDE THEIR BEST ESTIMATES ABOUT PRESENT AND FUTURE EVENTS WHETHER OR NUT THESE JUDGEMENTS HAKE POLICYMAKERS COMFORTABLE.
CLEARLY PEOPLE HAVE BEEN CONCERNED ABOUT THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AND THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE IN POLICYMAKING. THEY ARE WORRIED THAT THERE HATENDENCY TO GIVE POLICYMAKERS INFORMATION THAT WILLARTICULAR POINT OF VIEW OR POLICY LINE. BUT THIS IS NOT OUR ROLE,AVE'.'MBER Of
J
STEPS TO ENSURE THAI THE INTELLIGENCE COMHJNIIY PRESERVES ITS OBJECTIVITY AMD PROTECTS ITS INTEGRITY. WE INTEND TO "IELL IT AS ITVOIDING BIAS AS MUCH AS WE CAN, OR THE POLITICIZATION Of OUR PRODUCT. POLICYMAKERS MAY NOT LIKE THE MESSAGE THEY HEAR FROM US, ESPECIALLY IF THEYIFFERENT POINT OF VIEW. KY POSITION IS THAT IN THE PREPARATION OF INTELLIGENCE JUDGEMENTS,ATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATES, WE WILL PROVIDE THEM FOR THE USE OF POLICYMAXERS. IHEV CAN BEIN WHOLE OR IN PART. THEY CAN BE IGNORED, OR TORN UP, OR THROWN AWAY, BUI THEY MAY NOT BE CHANGEO.
SOME OF YOU MAY WONDER HOW WE ARE ABLE TO AVOID OUR OWN PERSONAL BIASES OR OUR OWN PERSONAL POINTS OF VIEW IN PREPARING WHAT WE REFER TO AS FINISHEDIS, OUR PRODUCT. WE HAM TO PRESENT TO THE PRESIDENT, TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL OR TO CTHE ItRODUCT THAT REPRESENTS AN AGENCY VIEW-NOT JUST MY VIEW OR THE VIEWARTICULAR 1NDIV10UAL. THEREFORE, WE ARE CAREFUL TO REVIEW OUR PRODUCTS
AT ALL LEVELS. TOARIETY Cf ANALYSTS ANO MANAGERS WITH DIFFERENT SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE AND BACKGROUND AS WE PREPARE OUR MATERIAL.
AND VERY OFTEN, WE COORDINATE OUR RESULTS WITH ANALYSTS OR SENIOR OFFICIALS WITHN THE OTHER AGENCIES IN THE INTELLIGENCE CCKHJNIIY--ANO IF WE DISAGREE, Vf. MAKE OUR DISAGREE HE NTS KNOWN AND WE Tflr TO EXPLAIN TO THE POLICYMAKERS kHO REVIEW OUR PRODUCTS WHY WE DISAGREE. YOU MUST REMEMBER THAT WE SOMETIMES USE DIFFERENT METHODOLOGIES TO RESEARCH THE SAME DATA, SO DISAGREEMENT KAYEALTHY SIGN THAT WE HAVE HOT OVERLOOKED SOME CRITICAL PIECE OF INFORMATION OR VITAL CONCLUSION. IN MY OWN VIEW AS DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE THIS MAY BE THE MOST IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONOULO MAKE INOHESIVE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE INTEGRITY OF THE INDIVIDUAL ANALYSTS OR PROGRAM MANAGERS.
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS HAKE UP THE GREAT PERCENTAGE OF OUR WORK, BUT THERE ARE OHO RESPONSIBILITIES AS WELL. THE CIA IS REGULARLY INVOLVED IN COUNTERINTELLIGENCE IN THE FOREIGN ENVIRONMENT, AND WE COOPERATE
CLOSELY WITH THE FBI. ANO OTHER AGENCIES OF. GOVERNMENT. IN WORKING AGAINST NARCOTICS TRAFFIC, THREATS OF TERRORISM, AS WELL AS EFFORTS TO. AQVANCEO TECHNOLOGY THROUGH ILLEGAL MEANS. ALIHOJGH MOST OF OUR OPERATIONS IAKE PLACE OVERSEAS, WE HAVE GOOO WORKING RELATIONSHIPS WITH DOMESTIC AGENCIES OF GOVERNMENT. ECAME OIRCCTOR Of THE FBI, AD HI RAL STANSfIELD TURNERLASSMATES AT AMHERST*-RESOLVE0 TO NOT ONLY WORK TOGETHER BUT TO BE SEEN WORKING ICGEIHLR. ANO SO EVEN OUR OUTINGS OH THE TENNIS COURT SYMBOLI*EO THIS COMMITMENT TO BOIH Of CUR AGENCIES.
WE HAVE ANOTHER ROLE TO PLAY--PERHAPS THE MOSfHE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREIGN POLICY AND THIS IS OONE THROUGH COVERT ACTIVITIES. THESE HAY INCLUDE POLITICAL WORK THROUGH COMMUNICATIONS-GETTING OUR MESSAGE OUT, TRAINING, SUPPLYING IMPORTANT MATERIALS FOR THOSE WHOM HE SUPPORT, AND GIVING ADVICE. ALTHOUGH COVERT ACTION IS NOT DEFINED BY LAW, THE TERM HAS COME TO BE UNDERSTOOD AS REFERRING T3 ACTIVITIES CONOUCTEO IN SUPPORT OF NATIONAL FOREIGN POLICY OBJECTIVES INAY THAT THE ROLE OF THE UNITEO STATES GOVERNMENT IS MOT APPARENT.
IN MY LIFETIME FROM PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT FORWARD,PRC St DENT KAS ENDORSED AND USFO COYLRION TO SUPPORT THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THIS COUNTRY. ALTHOJGH COVERT ACTIONS TRADITIONALLY CLAIMERY SMALL PORTION OF THE CIA'S BUDGET, THEY ARE THE FOCUS OF THE GREATEST CONGRESSIONAL AND PUBLIC ATTENTION. WE HAVE SEEN SOME OF THE RESPONSIBILITIES FOR EUVERI ACTION MOVE OUTSIDE THE CIA INTO THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL AND, HAVING LEARNCO FROM THE EXPERIENCE, THE PRESIOCNT HAS NOW OIRECIEB THAT THIS WILL NOT HAPPEN AGAIN. NEVERTHELESS, THE EVENTS OF THE PAST YEAR HAVE ONLY APOCO TO THE CONFUSION, SUSPICION, AND THE ILL EASE OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE ABOUT COVERT ACTIVITY. THESE EVENTS HAVE LEO US TO IMPROVE THE RULES AND PROCEDURES THAT GOVERN SUCH ACTIVITY SO THAT. IF FOLLOWEO BY HEN gF INTEGRITY AND DEDICATION, THE CONSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND OUR NATIONAL SECURITY NEEDS WILL BE MET ANO SUSTAINED.
IT SEEMS QUITE CLEAR TO HE THAT IT WOULO BE IMPOSSIBLE TO CARRY OUT CLANDESTINE ACIIVII1ES--EITHER TO COLLECT INFORMATION OR TO CARRY OUT COVERT ACTION--WITHOUT SECRECY. BUT, THIS IS THE ASPECT OF OUR WORK THAT TROUBLES MANY PEOPLE WHEN THEY THlttC ABOUT INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES. THERE
IS NO QUESTION THAI SECKfCT IN GOVERNMENT. DURING PERIOOS OF OUR HISTORY, HAS SEEN USEO TO HlOE QUESTIONABLE PRACTICES, TO COVER UP POLICY MISTAKES, AND TO BYPASS REGULATIONS AND LANS. BUT SECRECY IN INTELLIGENCE ISIFFERENT MAIIER.
BOTH CONGRESS AND THE JUDICIARY HAVE RECOGNIZED THE NEED FOR SECRECY IN MATTERS OF NATIONAL SECURITY. THEY UNDERSTAND THAT THE MAIN PURPOSE OF SECRECY IN INTELLIGENCE IS TO PRESERVE AND PROTECT SOURCES ANDOS. THESE ARE TWO TERMS THAT WERE RELATIVELY UNKNOWN TO MEAME TO WASHINGTON NIIE YEARS AGO BUTAVE COME TO RESPECT AS REAL AM NOT PERSIFLAGE. IF WE CANNOT PROTECT OUR SOURCES, WHETHER THEY ARE FBI INFORMANTS OR FOREIGN ASSETS OEYElQPEO AROUND THE WORLD, WE WILL NOT GET THE INFQRWIIUN THAT WE NEED, IF WE CANNOT PROTECT THE SENSITIVE METHODS BY WHICH WE COLLECT THE INFORMATION BOTH IN TERMS OF INDIVIDUALS ON THE GROUND AND SATELLITES IN SPACE, WE WILL CEASE TO HAVE THE MEANS OF COLLECTING INFORMATION.
TO KELP US PROTECT OUR SOURCES MO METHUOS IMC CONGRESS HAS PASSED SEVERAL LANS THAT DEAL WITH SUCH MAKERS, INCLUDING THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT IN WHICH THERE ARE EXPRESS PROVISIONS PROTECTING FROM DISCLOSURE THOSE HATTERS OF FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE AND INFORMATION SUPPLIED TO USOREIGN INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES OUTSIDE THIS COUNTRY. THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT, FOR EXAMPLE, PROVIDESPECIAL COURT TU REVIEW, IN SECRET. ALL THE APPLICATIONS FILEO TO COHOICT ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE FOR FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE PURPOSES. THIS STATUTE HAS BEEN FOUND TO BE WITHIN THE CONFINES OF THE CONSTITUTION.
COVERT CAPABILITY IS ESSENTIAL IN OUR FOREIGN POLICY IF WE ARE
PROVIDE NEEDED S'JPPORT FOR LIBERATION MOVEMENTS OR ASSISTANCE TO GOVERNMENTS WORKING IN COLLABORATION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES WHOOT WISH, FOR LEGITIMATE PXITICAL REASONS OF THEIR OWN, TO HAVE. ROLE AND INVOLVEMENT PUBLICLY KNOWN.
WHILE SECRECf IS NECESSARY IN THESE CIRCUMSTANCES. THERE ARE NEVERTHELESS OFFICIAL SURROGATES WATCHING OUT AFTER YOUR INTERESTS IN
FORM Of CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT. INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION ANO THE USE Of INTELLIGENCEHARED RESPONSIBILITY JUST AS CONGRESSOLE IN THE fORM'K.AIIQN Of FOREIGN POLICYPECIFIC ROLE IN THE FUNDING OF OUR ACTIVITIES. HE CALL THIS DIVISION OF RESPCNSISILITV BETWEEN THE EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE BRANCHES THE SEPARATION OF POWER, BUI IT ALSOHARING Of POWER THAT OPERATES TO PROTECT OUR CITIZENS.
tiJ. BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS ESTABLISHED INTELLIGENCE OVERSIGHT COMMUTES TO MONITOR ALL SIGNIFICANT INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES AND EXPENDITURES. THE OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES. OPERATING U'JDCR THE RULES EMBODIED IN THE NATIONAL SECURITY ACT, THE HUGHES*RYAN AMENDMENT, AND THE INTELLIGENCE OVERSIGHT ACT, HAVE FORMALIZED THE REPORTING Of INTELLIGENCE AND COVERT ACTIONS TO CONGRESS. THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY IS NOW REQUIRED BY LAW TO KEEP THE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES FULLY AND CURRENTLY INFORMED Of ALL INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES. UNDER THE HUGHES-RYAN AMENDMENT, THE PRESIDENT MUST FIND THAT EACH COVERT ACTION IS IMPORTANT TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY BEFORE THE OPERATION CAN BE INITIATEO.
UNDLR OUR L'W IT IS OUR DUTY TO NOTIFY Tilt COMMITTEES OF ANY SIGNIFICANT INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES WHICH INCLUDE BY DEflNITION ANY ACTIVITIESINDING UNDER THE HUGHES-RYAN AMENDMENT. UNXR THE STATUTE, TO MEET EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES AFFECTING VITAL INTERESTS OF THE UNITED STATES. THE PRESIDENT CANAT NOTIFICATION TO THE CHAIRMAN AND RANKINGY MEMBERS OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES, TO THE SPEAKER AND THE MINORITY LEADER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ANO TO IMl MAJORITY LEADER AND MINORITY LEADER OF THE SENATE--REFERRED TO, IN TRADE PARLANCE, AS THE "GANG OF EIGHT."
THIRf IS ANOTHER STATUTORY REQUIREMENT THAT THE INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES BE FULLY INFORMEDIMELY FASHION" OF INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES-OTHER THAN THOSE SOLELY FOR THE PURPOSE OF COLLECTING INTELLIGENCE--FOR WHICH PRIOR NOTICE WAS NOT GIVEN, AND THE PRESIOCN1 MJST SIATE THE REASONS FOR NOT GIVING PRIOR NOTICE IN THOSE INSTANCES. AS YDU PROBABLY KNOW, THE PRESIDENT MAS RECEMLYETTER TO THE TWO INTELLIGENCE COMMIIIEES ANNOUNCING HIS INTENTION TO COOPERATE FULLY IN HATTERS OF THIS KIND ANO WHEREVER POSSIBLE KEEP THE
C0MH1ITEES INFORMED WITHINOURS EXCEPT IN THE MOST EXTREME CIRCUMSTANCES. OPE THAT THISOOD SIGNAL TO THE PUBLIC. 6UI MORE CAN BE DONE. WE MUST STRENGTHEN THE WAT WE DEAL WITH THE ISSUES INSIDE THE INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM. INTERNALLY, JUST AS Wt DID SUCCESSFULLY IN THE FBI FOR UNDERCOVER OPERATIONS, WE ARE WATCHING ClOSELY AND ARE CURRENTLY IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY TO DEAL WITH COVERT AC1IVITV.
II IS NOT ENOUGH JUST FOR THE PRESIDENT TOINDING AUTHORIZINGIRECIING US TO CARRY OUT SOME COVERT ACTIVITY. WE HAVE TO KNOW BEFORE THE PRESIDENT MAKES THAT FINDING IHAI IT IS DOABLE, AND DOABLEAWFUL WAY. AND WE HAVEE SURE THAT THE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE OUT ON THE FIRING LINE, OUTSIDE THE PROTECTION OF OUR CONSTITUTION AND OUR LAWS, IN MANY INSTANCES, CAN DO THEIR WORK IN ACCOROANCE WITH IHE FLEXIBILITY THAT THEY NEEO, WITH THE CLEAREST POSSIBLE TRAINING AND UNDERSTANDING OF THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE CIA AND TO THE COUNTRY.
THE NATIONAL SECURITY PLANNING GROUP Of THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL HAS AN OBLIGATION. BEFORE IT GOES TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL, TO
LOOK CAREFULLY AT ALL ASPECTSOVERT FINDING ANO ASK ITSFLF THESE KINDS OF QUESTIONS: WILL IT WORK? IS IT CONSISTENT WITH OVERT UNITCO STATES POLICV? HINK THAT IS OWE VERT IMPORTANT LESSON Wf HAVE LEARNED FROM THE IRAN-CONTRA SITUATION.) WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES GOING TO BE IF THE ACTIVITY IS PUBLICLY EXPOSED? WILL II BE ACCEPTABLE AND HAKE SENSE TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE? IS IT CONSISTENT WITH AMERICAN VALUES? THOSE ARE GOOD QUESTIONS THAT SH0UIO BE ASKEO EACHOVERT ACTION IS SUBMITTED TO THE NATIONAL SECURIIY COUNCIL. NOT ALL COVERT ACTIVITIES WILL SUCCEEO,ELIEVE THAT IF SUBJECTEQ TO THESE KINDS UF TESTS, AND THIS KIND OF MANAGEMENT, WE HAVE THEAMCE OF GEITING THE MOST EFFECTIVE AND PROOUCTIVE USE FROM OUR COVERT CAPABILITY.
IN OUR RELATIONSHIP WITHELIEVE IT IS IMPORTANT FOR US TOHAT JT MUST BE ONE OF TRUTH AND NOT OF DECEPTION. THERE IS SO MUCH CONFUSION THESE DAYS ABOUT DCNIABIlITT AND DECEPTION COMING OVER THE TELEVISION TUBESHINK THAI IT'S IMPORTANT TO MAKE ONE LEGITIMATE DISTINCTION. IN COVERT ACTIVITY THERE IS OFTEN DECEPTION TO CONCEAL THE SOURCE OF THE ACTIVITY IN ORDERNFLUENCE EVENTS THROUGH MEANS THAT WE BELIEVE TO BE APPROPRIATE BUT WHICH MUST NECESSARILY BE COVERT. BUT IN
dealing with the congress there is absolutely ho ekcuse for deception, bjt that does not kan that there is no neeo forn tncocrageo by the strong woros of support in this area given us recently by the Chairman of the scnate select co*ittee on intelligence, who voiceo his desire for the maintenance of secrecy in regard to intelligence materials, and just this week in aspen congressmen lee rami! ton, who umkrstands thoroughly the usages ano neeo for covert action, evioenced his supportovert action capability ano for the need to protect confidentiality within the oversight process.
the challenges we face today in intelligenceigh degree of cooperation, not only within government, but outsioc it as well. one of the key elements of our society and one that has always been important to us. isrican acajemic community. as you may kmoh, acaocmics were in at the beginning of our mooern intelligence system. professors and scholars flocked to washington to become the backbone of the office of strategic services in world war ii and many of them stayed arouno to create the ciahey became key research directors, operations officers. managers and leaders. and their legacy remains wlin us.
TODAY WE KELY VERY MUCH OH COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES NOT ONLY TO SUPPLY THE NEK PEOPLE WHO MAKE OUR SYSTEM WORK, BUI ALSO FOR THE EXPERTISE THEY CAN PROVIOE US IN SO MANY AREAS. MrtWY FACULTY MEMBERS WORK CLOSELY WITH US, AMU SOME EVEN BECOME SCHJlArtS-IN-RESIUEVCE, SHARING THEIR KNOWLEDGEAY-TO -DAY BASIS. THERE ARC AT LEASTOLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIESOURSE IN INTELLIGENCE WILL BE TAUGHT THIS YEAR, AhO MANY OTHERSISCUSSION OF INTELLIGENCE WILL TAKE PLACEOURSE ON FOREIGN POLICYMAKING. AGENCY OFFICERS ARE INVITED ANDARTICIPATE IH PROFESSIONAL ANU SCHOLARLY ASSOCIATIONS AND MAKE SU3SIANI1VL PRESENTATIONS ON CAMPUSES AIL OVER THE COUNTRY. THERE IS NOTHING SECRET IN THESE RELATIONSHIPS, NOR SHOULO THERE BE. WEHERE CAN ANO SHOULOLOSE WORKING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ACAOEHIC COMMUNITY ANO THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY IN DEVELOPING ACCURATE ASSESSMENTS. IGHT ADDOOTNOTEM NOT THE FIRST PERSON FROM THE CIA TO BE HEREONG SHOT. IN THE PREVIOUS SESSION HEEPRESENTATIVE IN THE JUSTICE SEMINAR. THEREEPRESENTATIVE IN THE CURRENT JUSTICE SEMINAR, AND OUR OIRCCTOR OF TRAINING IS HERE TONIGHT.
WE KECOUNWE THAT THE CAHPUS ISEGITIMATE PLACE FOR DISCUSSION ANO DISSENT. OVER THE PAST FEW YEARS, STlHXNTS ANO FACULTY QPPOSEO TO THE ADMINISTRATION'S POLICIES HAVE CHOSEN THE CIA--ANO ITSTHE TARGETS FCR MANY OF THEIR PROTESTS. ON ONE OCCASION, THEY EVEN CAKEUR AGENCY CAMPUS IN VIRGINIA. DESPITE THIS ACTIVITY, HE CONTINUE TO SEEK OUT "THE BEST AND THE BRIGHTEST" ON OUR NATION'S CAMPUSES TO JOIN US.
OURSHALLENGING AND FASCINATING PRQFESSICN--FOR THOSE WHO BELIEVE THAI THEIR UCRX IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN FAME CR FORTUNE AND SEE INHANCE TO PURSUE THEIR HIGHEST ASPIRATIONSAFERETTER WORLD. H PROUD OF THEM. INDEED THE KEY TO SUCCESSREE SOCIETY IS IN THE INTEGRITY OF IIS PEOPLE. HINK THIS IS BEST EXPRESSED BY SIR WILLIAM STEPHENSON, AN OLD FRIEND, IN THE INTRODUCTIONOCK WRIIIEN ABOUT HIM SOME YEARSAM CALLED INTREPID. SIR WILLIAM IS NOW IN HIS NINETIES. BUT HE IS STILL SENDING OUT HIS ADVICE AND ENCOURAGEMENT. HE WROTE THIS: AY WILL DAW WHEN TYRANTS CAN NO LONGER THREATEN THE LIBERTY OF ANY PEOPLE. WHEN THE FUNCTION OF ALL NATIONS, HOWEVER VARIED THEIR IOEQLOGIES, NlLL BE TO ENHANCE LIFE NOT TO
CONTROL If. IfONDITION IS POSSIBLE, IT ISUTURE TOO FAR DISTANT TO FORESEE. UNTIL THAT SAFER, BETTER OAT, THE DEMOCRACIES WILL AVOID DISASTER AND POSSIBLE TOTAL DESTRUCTION. ONLY BY MAINTAINING THEIR DEFENSES. AHQNJ THE INCREASINGLY INTRICATE ARSENALS ACC.OSS THE WORLO. INTELLIGENCE IS AN ESSENTIAL WEAPON. PERHAPS THE HOST IMPORTANT. BUT IT IS, BEING SECRET, THE MOST DANGEROUS. SAFEGUARDS TO PREVENT ITS ABUSE MUST BE DEVISED, REVISED, ANO RIGIDLY APPLIED. BUT AS IK ALL ENTERPRISE THE CHARACTER AND WISOOM OF THOSE TO WHOM IT IS ENTRUSTED WILL BE DECISIVE. IN THE INTEGRITY OF THAT GUARDIANSHIP LIES THE HOPE OF FREE PEOPLE TO ENDURE ANO PREVAIL."
I BELIEVE THAT IN THE SHARED RESPONSIBILITY OF INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS AS WELL AS IN THE USE OF SPECIAL ACTIVITIES IN SUPPORT OF FOREIGN POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, INTEGRITY IS VITALLY IMPORTANT BOTH ON THE EXECUTIVE AND Oh THE CONGRESSIONAL SIDE. WE IN THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY MUST WORK CLOSELY WITH THOSE WHO MUST MAKE THE POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS THAT OEFINE OUR PRESENT AMD SHAPE OUR FUTURE, PROVIOING OUR ASSESSMENTS OBJECTIVELY, PROFESSIONALLY. HELPING TO PUT TRUTH INTO ACTION. WE MUST
WORK WITH THE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES WHICH ACT IN SECRET MATTERS AS SURROGATES FOR THE CONGRESS AND THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, ANO WE MUST BE WORTHY Of THEIR TRUST. WE MUST DILIGENTLY CARRY OUT OUR ASSIGNMENTS AROUND THE WORLD, HOWEVER DIFFICULT, WITH FIDELITY TO THE CONSTITUTION AND THE LAWS OF OUR BELOVEO COUNTRY. ATION DEOICATEO TO THE RULE OF LAW CAN PROTECT ITSELF AND PRESERVE ITS HERITAGE INER WAY.
Original document.
Comment about this article, ask questions, or add new information about this topic: