ECONOMIC 'NTELLIGErtfCE REPORT SIX" HEW STEEL PEXNTS W, THE USSR
C'E-NTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICEESEARCH AND REPORTS
WSTORICAL REVIEWELEASE AS SAN:
Brief Descriptions of tbe Six New Steel
Pipe Rolling
Metallurgical
Metallurgical
Metallurgical Combine
Metallurgical .
Metallurgical
Status of Installations and Production
In
for the Slow Progroou in the Construction
of the New Stool
Status of installations and Production
5
Appendixes
Appendix A. Tables
Timetable for thc Six New Steel Plants of the USSR .
Planned Capacities of the Six New Steel Plants
of the
Status of Installations and Production
in tbe Six New Steel Plants of the DSSR1 Estimated Status of Installations and Production
in tho Six How Steel Plants of the USSR5
Appendix B. Plant
Baku Pipe Rolling
etallurgical
Kazakh Metallurgical
/.. Orsk-Khnlllovo ^fetollurt[ical
Transcaucaslan Metallurgical
Uzbek Ketallurgical
A 2
.Project
SIXKI. PUNTS Itl.lIRSg'
s
Tho construction of now steel plants in the USSR, initiated as part of the Third Five Year, was held up by World War II and line since proceeded slowly and unevenly. At the end1 the new mills in operation ware- contributing little, probably not moreclric tons, to the over-all Sovlot Iron and steel production. Progress has been hanpored by shortages of construction materials and equipaent, ofand machinery needed for the equipment of the plants, ond of killed labor needed both for the building and for the operation of the mills. Not one of the plants has been completed. Available evidence-Indicates that Installations for the production of not moref the planned capacity of more5 million metric tons of raw steel will be in operation by the end
1. Introduction.
Long-range plans were made as early as the Third Five Tearo Increase tha produetion of iron and steel In the USSR. At that time and since, specific plans have been announced to establish six now steel combines, so located as to serve areas isolated from existingcenters of the country and to exploit relatively untouched sourcos of raw materials.Preliminary surveys were made and some actualwas begun before and during World War II, but most of the workto data has boon done since the end of hostilities. The latest known target date for any of the projects When the last steel centor ishe following output Is expected fron the new plants:
* This report contains information available to CIA as of
"* The locutions of the six new steel plants are Indicatedap following p. 2.
See Appondix A, Tableimetable for tho Six lieu Stool Plants of the USSR.
Planned Capacities of the Six Now Sovlot Steal Plants"
Metric rc-ps
o
0
Rolled Products
2. Bripf Pf^rlDtlons of the Six 'lev Steel Plants."
Rolling Mill.
urreyB were conducted to place an iron and steel bUJ in tho Transcauoasus, the principal product of which would be pipe urpcnt-ly needed in-the dorolopaent of the oil fields in the region. Blastwere to operate on iron ore from .the Dashkosan nines.itlo was selected at the town of Sumgait, Just northwoat of tho city of Baku; and building wasnstallations at Sumgait vera to include threo blast furnaces, seven opon-hoorth furnaces, and pipe and tube mills. The pipe mlUo were to have an-annual capacityetric tons.
Building vas interrupted during tho war years but was resumed Evidence availablo at tho end1 indicated that none of the three blast furnaces had been completed, that only one of the open hearths had been placed in operation, and that only one of the rolling nUle vas in operation. 'Tho alow progress of the construction of the mill hasatter of extreme concern to the Ministry of Heavyhere is no information availablo upon which to bono an estimate1 production.
MctpUvriTJcaj Bank.
Plans toteel plant to servo the Important industrial area of Leningrad and to utilise tho large amount of iron and steel scrap ^onoruted by tho large manufacturing plants in the locality, wore not announced until lant site vas chosen at Cherepovets, thero is no evidence that construction of the mill has ovor been started. The project had serious drawbacks. Iron ore Was to come fro* tho Kola Peninsula, In the Karelo-Finnish SSR, and coking coal vas to be shipped from the fields in the Pechora Basin. From tho sources of those important raw materials, which are located north of tho Arctic Circle, itong, costly rail haul to thoplant site. For these reasons, the project probably has boon abandoned or indefinitely postponed.
* See Appendix A. Tablolanned Capacities of the Six Nev Steel Plants of tlio USSR.
For more detailod information, see Appendix D, Plant Studies.
t
It was announced2 that a. steel plant would be built near Karaganda, which would serve the large Kazakh SSR and utilize the vast resources of raw materials available In the area. uitable location was found aboutilometers northwest of Karaganda for the new steel plant andew town, Temir-Tau, to house the workers. The plant was to bo finished According to enlarged plena announcedhe plant was tolast furnaces with an annual capacityOO metric tons,pen-hearth furnaces with an annual capacityetric tons, rolling mills with ah annus! capacity of1 million metric tons,ipe mill with an0 metric tons. efractory brick factoryarge coke-chemical plant also were to be constructed. By the end1 there was no evidence that even the foundations for the blast furnaces* had been laid; only three open hearths were ln operation; and three rollingere producing channel and bar steel, thin steel sheet, corrugatedin, and rails for the Karaganda coal mines. Production1 uas estimated to0 metric tons of raw steel0 metric tons of rolled products.
d. Qrsk-KhaljWoCombine.
Preliminary plans were announced4 for the erectionteel combine ln tho South Urals, the Orsk-Ehalilovo Metallurgical Combine at Hbvo-Troitsk, which was to operate on raw materials available In the area. The Iron ore found nearby, which contains Iron, chrome, and nickel, was to be used in blast furnaces toatural alloyed steel, Cokinj coal was to come from the Karaganda and Kuzncts Basins, end manganese was to be shipped from the Kul'minskly ore deposits. When completed, the plant was to provide the Iron and steel products necessary to industrialize the Siberian and Central Asian republlos.
1 there have been numerous changes in planned equipment and capacities. The latest announced plana call for four blast furnaces capable ofillion metricear, six or seven open-hearth furnacesimilar output, and rolling mills which willetricear. Five Bessemer converter's, five blooming mills, aplant, and six coke batteries also are planned. The scheduled date of completion of thc combine is not known.
Actual construction began at Novo-Troitskas suspended during World War II, and was resumed after the armistice. Work hasvery slowly, and the direction apparently has been unusually 57 there were two changes in building trust managers, and five different chief engineers were in charge of the plant.
Uy the endnly the refractory brick plantew auxiliary workshops were In operation. From the end7 to the end1 almost no Information appeared on achievements at tho combine. Since' each accomplishment at other new steel plants was heralded by the Soviet press and radio, theretrong presumption that construction at the combine ceased about tho endlthough It Is unlikely that the project has boon completely abandoned.
e. Transcaucaslan latallurglcal Plant.
Some progress was made before World War II In thc building of the Transcaucaslan Metallurgical Plant atlto aboutilometers southeast of Tbilisi. Like the Baku Pipe Rolling Mill, thc Rustavi plant was planned to support the huge oil industry in tho Trans Caucasus onsiderable portion of Its production would be further processed in the tube and pipe mills planned for the Sumgait plant. Raw materials are available in the areaIron ore at the Dashkosan deposits, soufch of Kirovabad In Azerbayuxhan SSR, and coking coal from Tkvarcheli and Tkibull coal fields in Georgian SSR. Plans for the Rustavi plant call for throe small blast furnaces with an annual capacityetric tons, six to eight open-hearth furnacesated annual outputetricolling mill with an annual capacityetric tons,ipe mill capable ofetricear. oke-chemical plant also were included among the planned The date of expected completion of the plant has nevor been announced.
Building of the plant was resumednd considerable progressurinGhrough0 with the assistanceormnn and Austrian prisoners of war. By the endne blast furnace was Inecond may havo been inhird furnace, which was to be used In reserve, was woU along intwo open hearths were in operation, and six more were beinglooming millolling mill were in operation; and the construction of the coke-chemical plant was underway.
f. Plbek Metallurgical Plant.
The construction of the Uzbek Metallurgical Plant begannd thc plant is one of the important projects included In the Fourth Five Tear. Tho plant,llomotors south of Tashkent, Is intended to provide Central Asia with semifinished steel and iron and steel products now shipped into the area from tho more Industrialized sections of the USSR. Explorations conductedevealed that there ore several largo depositsood quality of Iron ore In the area surrounding Uzbek. ood quality of coking coal is available ln the eastern part of tho Ferganand quantities of iron and steel scrap,
fluxing agents, end quartz sand are located nearby. The Bill is designed to have four blast furnaces with an annual capacity ofillion metric tons, three open-boarth furnaces with an annual capacityetric tons, rolling mills with an estimated annual capacityetric tons,oke-chemical plant for thc manufacture of metallurgical ooke.
Progress at Uzbek has been much steadier than at the other new steel plants under construction in the USSR. Available informationthat at the end1 all three open hearths were completed and had0 metric tons of raw steel from locally collected scrap and that three rollingillimeter,illimeterhad been installed, although onlyillimetcr mill was. in operation. Plans to build four blast furnaces apparently have been postponed, for there is no evidence that thehave even been laid.
Status of Installations and Production
Work on the construction and operation of the new steel mills has been lagging far behind announced plans. Although work was begun on several of tho plants during the period of the Third Five Yearittle was accomplished, when the effort was resumed to increase steel production through the erection of new plants. Progress since then has been slow and uneven. Available evidence indicates that by the endndf the more thanlanned blast furnaces had been blown in,thers were under construction, and that none had been started at the Cherepovets, Kazakh, Orsk-Ehalilovo, and Utbek sites. Of more thanpen-*earth.furnaces projected, approximatelyere in operation,ore were in various stages of building. of raw steel in the new plants1 probably did notetric tons and represented principally the melting of scrap collected in the vicinity of the mills. ew small rolling mills were operating, but output probably amounted to lessetric tons,
for thc Slpw_ProEress in the Construction of the Pew Steel
Plants.
Soviet policy with reference to the construction of the new steel plants appears to have bean to continue the construction of the mills as marginal projects entitled to some share of such labor, materials, end equipment as could be spared from the demands of World War II, the tasks of reconstruction, and the requirementsigh level of military pre-parediieiis. These claims have taken precedence not only over theof the new steel plants buto an undetermined extent, over the
* Sec Appendix A, Tabicstimated Status of Installations andin the Six New Steel Plants of the USSR
development, of the new nines and transportation facilities on which the mills must depend and of the new industries which the new steel mills are designed to serve. Construction materials and equipment have been and aro among the chronic shortages in the USSR. The rehabilitation of the devastated Ukraine, including the large steel Industry located there, vas given highest priority in the postwar years. hen it was largely completed, this undertakingrain on materials and equipment needed by other projects. The expansion and modernisation of existing steel plants, with particular emphasis on the industry in tho Urals, have had high priority also in the USSR and have deniedand equipment needed for the new plants. The lack of skilled labor in those areas planned for industrialiration haserious problem, not only in the building of new steel combines but also in the operation of completed installations. In addition, therepecial reason for delay in the construction of blast furnaces at all the new plants i erious shortage, actual and prospective, of essentialpecifically of equipment needed in the furnace topstho "KcSefe"-type top with revolving distributors as well as large and small ball and hopper equipmentand of steam or electrically powered turboblowers.
5. Entlmated Status of Installations and Production
The15 should bring more rapid progress in building and In bringing Into operation the new steel mills in the USSR, vith the easing of prior requirements for construction materials and equipment and for installations and machinery, specifically thefor the rehabilitation of the Ukraine and for the expansion and modern is at ion of existing steel centers. It the same time, more skilled labor should be available with the completion of other projects andesult of training programs. In spite of these trends,5 is due to fall far short of scheduled deliveries for that year and is likely to reach only approximatelyercent of planned capo-city."
It seems probabletrong effort will be made to place tho nev mil Inore firm operating basis by the completion of blast furnaces at the sites. It isound economic practice to oporate open-hearth furnacesarge percentage of'iron and steel scrap, os has been done in most of the nev plants producing raw steel. If steel production in the new mills is to increase as planned, blast furnaces must be placed in operation toegular supply of pig iron for uso with scrap in the open-hearth furnacos.
See Appendix A,stimated Status of Installations andin the Six Hew Steel Plants of the USSRnd Tablelanned Capacities of the Six Hew Steel Plants of the USSR.
Estimated Soviet Iron and Stool Production fron tho Six Rev Plants5
Planned Capacity
ercent of
Pig 6
Raw 3
Rolled Products
APPENDIX B
PLAJJT SrHDiSS
1- Baku Plue Rolling Mfll? Alternate DeaJffnHtlo-nfl.
The Baku Pipe Rolling Kill also Is referred to by the following names: Trubostel, BTZ (Bakinakly Truboprokatnyyruba Zavod, Bakinskly, Trub, Truboprokatnyy, Nepoyelatskly Trubo Zavod, Oam I, and Sumgait Pipe (or Tube) Rolling Mill. So far as Isumber designation has not been assigned to the mill by the Ministry of Heary Industry.
Location.
Tho Baku Pipe Rolling Mill is being constructed at Sumgait,oilometers northwest of Baku, on the shores of tha Caspian Sea, atin Azorbayuxhan SSR, Transcaueasuo.
Plan for Construction and Operation.
The initial plana for tbe constructionipe and tube mil] were part of the Third Five Tear, and preliminary surveys were begun0 at Sumgait. 1 it was announced that the plant was to be the largest pipe rolling mill in the USSR and would sorve the oil fields of Baku, Azerbaydzhan SSR; of Crosnyy, RSFSR; of Eaba, Kazakh SSR; and of Turkmen 5 it was claimed that the capacity of the first unit of tho mill would exceed the capacity of any existing pipe mill in the USSR and that its operations would begin with open-hearth stoel and extend through the rolling and finishing of the pipe. 2/ Another source claimed that when the mill was in full operation, production would amount toercent of the total prewar production of all categories of tubing, 2/ Various other announcements have given the planned production of the milletric tons per year. lj
It was announced that the principal departments of theat Sumgait would be three blast furnaces, an open-hearth shop with seven open-hearthlooming mill,ipe rolling mill (including= rolling mill). The following targes dates have been set for theof the Installation: for thc building to houoo the open-*carth shop,or the completion or construction work on thc mill, sometimeor the full operation of the/
" Footnote references in arableefer to sources listed in Appendix D.
Haw_ Materials.
Iron ore from tho Deshkeaan magnetic ore air.es vas to be used in the blast furnaces at Sumgait. 9/
Building materials being received at Sumgait vere reported by one source as follows: otrlc tons of limestone each day from quarrlos at Karadag,ilometers south of tho plant site, shipped by rail; approximatelyetric tons of cement each day by rail via Baku, dollvered in Jute sacks of German origin; brick trucked from Sumgait; sand delivered by truok from the Caspianeters long, shipped by rail from an unknown source; and iron rods, i,illimeters in
ProFress of Construction.
Two firms have been actively engaged in the construction of'the pipe mill at Sumgait. The South Transcaucasian Construction Enterprise of Moscow (Osmuas responsible for tho actual construction ofnepropetrovsk firm known as KFP supplied and delivered the building materials.
According to German prisoners of war who had been used on construction work from5 throughhe project was called Oamu I. is buildings were completed, jurisdiction of them was assumed by BTZ
(Baklnskiy Truboprokatnyyhich installed equipment and directed
The chief of construction, in the period from8 throughas reported to bend the chief construction engineer wasj/
Progress of construction by years on tho mill at Sumgait was as follows:
Preliminary surveys bad been made, and construction of the plant had begun. UJ
World War II Period. The partially built plant was destroyed by order of Soviet authorities before the Germans could reach
Inuthority was given to shipons of steel sheet to the South Transcaucasian Industrial Construction Enterprise nt Baku for use at the mill, ond by the end of the second quarterorkmen were employed at the
Pull name unknown.
Inetric tons of construction equipment were due to nxrive in the port of Baku,ailroad cars were needed to unload and to transnort the cargo to Sumgait. By October the machine shop was completed, and part of the icachinery was installed, includingussian-builtS-builtS planingrinding machines,ranes with lifting capacities ofoons each.
Byork on the mill reportedly had reached the following point: the machine and woodworking shops were eaid to bo completed, and listed as nesring completion were the forgo and foundry shop, the lumber mill, the paint shop, and the glass shop; stated as being under construction wero seven opon-bearth furnaces, one rolling mill (with largo blooming millhn pipe-drawing shop, tho pipe-finishing shop,umber of secondary shoos, another source, however, publishedtatement that construction of tho pipe mill was not yet
Slow progress in the construction work at Sumgait was reported for thc first quarterndercent of planned construction was completed. Tho lag was attributed to inadequate supplies of local construction materials such as limestone, gravel, and sand and to frequent interruptions in electric powor from tho Sumgait Thermoelectric Tower/ In order to facilitate tho delivery ofew railroad was begun in Pobruary from Karodng station to the foot ofeuntain, where newly oooncd quarries were It uas announced in7 that preparations were underway for extracting the magnetic ores of the Dashskesan iron deposits for use at tho Sumgait
At the end7 tho building for the machine shop was completed, and equipment, whichumber of German lathes removed from plants In Essen and Duisburg, was The forge-boiler shop had started operations with the most modem equipment, including hammers, stamping machines, forgos, and heaters. ress shears, which could cut shoets up toilliaoters thick, was installed. Production consisted of nonstandard technical equipment for tho building of the The construction of the foundry still was underway, but the foundry was scheduled to begin operations in the third quarterhroe blast furnaces were planned, but erection hod not Tho building to liouse the open-hearth furnaces was underll concreto work was completed on the pit forpen hearth, and two more were to have been started shortly. The furnaces 'were to be overeters high, ond only the open hearths at Hokcyevka and Nizhni7 Tagil wore to bo of an equal
Progress at the mill was still laggingerman prisoner of war claimed that in June,uildings of thelanned for tbe mill were Idt was announced that the Uralmach factory would build three rolling mills for the Bakuuring tho year, harbor dredging in the Caspian Sea beganew portilometers from the town of Sumgait, jp/ Toward tbe end of themall shipment of iron ore arrived at the plant site and was stored in the open air. It was reported that the ore was to be used for future production tests at the mill. 3J/
In the springerman prisoner of war was told by his Soviet coworkers that, although the plant was designed primarily for the production of tubes and pipe, it could be converted easily to the production of gun barrels, if
Estimates of the number of laborers employed at the bite varied but seemed to averageerman and Austrian prisoners of war, andoviet convicts. Only one shifteek, was
ome shops were in production, but the furnaces were not yet in operation. Production of articles needed in the plantprogram began in the machine shop in/ During the year the forging of steel bars, approximatelyyyentimeters, into shapes for use in plant construction began in the forge shop. 3Jj/ The first experimental casts were made in the foundry inbservations on the erection of blast furnaces varied, and two sources claimed that foundations for four blast furnaces wereut another claimed that the blast furnaces were only in the planning One prisoner of war claimed that of the eight open-hearth furnaces planned, seven were installed, the eighth was being built, and none wasnother source, whose observations seem to be more logical, reported thatpen hearth was completed but not in operation, thatas under construction, and that excavations forere begun in the summer
Inerman and Austrian prisoners of, were repatriated and left the Baku Pipe Rolling Kill. It was reported that they wcro to be replaced by Soviet convict labor. Little information from personal observation is available after
The plant manager at Sumgait was reported to be M. Plagermon, who also was the Minister of Heavy Industry for Azerbaydzlum SSR and who frequently flew to Moscow on business, jj/
-
As ofonstruction bad progressed as follows:
Equipment In the machine shop consisted ofoathes, the majority of which were of Soviet manufacture, marked "Krasnond several of German, DS, and Japanese origin; several planing machines, including one large DS planer; drills;mall forge with apneumatic air hammer. Production continued to consist of items needed in the construction of the mill, IJZj The machinery observed in the forge shop included six to eight annealing ovens, several small furnaces,machines, at least three pneumatic air hsmmers, and one DS metal cutting machine,apacity to cut up toillimeters. Tbe shop was in/ Three coke-fed furnaces were reported to bein the foundry,on cupola furnace was in operation, buton cupolas were not yet Inachinery also Installed in the foundry wereoggling machines sndantry cranes with lifting capacitiesoons. Two or three electric furnaces wereor the foundry, andon furnace was reported as being/ Foundations for three blast furnaces were laid.pen-hearth furnaoe was operating, the raw steel being used for construction work at the mill site. Three other open hearths were in various stages of{J/
Observers differed ss to the status of the rolling mill. One prisoner of war claimed that the building was complete andill, built by0 toeters longeters wide, which had been dismantled from on Upper Siloslan steel mill, was installed but not in Another observer claimed that construction work on tho buildings to house the rolling mills had not been started. The director of the mill was reported to be
Two reports claimed that military equipment was to beat Sumgait. One source claimed that he saw proof-casts for tank wheels and for heavy artillery in the machine Another report claimedcalibcr gun barrels vere produced first in9 and that the event iras considered to be on important occasion by the factory
. The slow progress at the mill stillatter of concern Not only had the construction of the mill itself lagged, but also the building of workers* housing was behind schedule. nlyercent of the year's plan had been
Full name unknown.
Construction at Sumgait has lagged. Inhe onlv Installations in operation were thepen-hearth furnace, the machine shop, the woodworking shop, the forge and boiler shop, and the foundry Slow progress at the site stillatter of concern in0 and since that time there hasomplete absence in the press of nnouncement of any advancement. It is believed, therefore, that little headway has been made since
No information Is available on the production of steel at the mill other than the fact thatpen hearth went into operation in Some ingots probably have been cast and placed in storage auaitine completion of the blooming and rolling mills.
2' Cherepovets Metallurgies
Alternateonf,
So far as isumber designation has not been assigned to thc Cherepovets Metallurgical Plant by the Ministry of Heavy Industry.
location.
The Cherepovets Metallurgical Plant was planned to bef Leningrad at the town of Cherepovets,oint on the railroad running from Volkhov to Vologda The main reason forlant in this area was to utilize the iron and steel scrap of Leningrad, reportedly the largest scrap-generating center in the Soviet Union.
Plan for Hon|}truction and Operation.
In8 it was announcedew steel combine, designed to serve the important manufacturing area of Leningrad, would be constructed at Cherepovets. When completedt would produoeillionillion metric tons of pig ironillionillion metric tons of raw steel.
It uas planned to build the combine in sections, the first of which was to be completed0 and would consist of two blast furnacesombined annual capacityillion metric tons, open-hearthwith an annual capacityillionillion metric tons,looming mill with an annual capacityillion metric tons.
According to tho announced plans, opou-hoarth furnace charges would consist of fromercent toercent scrap, obtained from manufacturing Installations In the Leningrad area. Coal ond coke supplies were to be received from the Vorkuta deposits in the Pechora Basin in the Northernong rail haul ofiles. Peat, which is in plentiful supply in the area, was to be used as much as possibleubstitute for coal, particularly in the generation of gas for use in the plant. Iron ore was to come chiefly from the Kola Peninsula, Karelo-Finnish SSR. While reserves are large, the ores areow grade, averagingoercent iron, and need to be beneficiated before use in blast furnace charges. The shipment of these ores wouldostly rail haul.
Progress of Construction.
Plans wore announced in the first halfnd there has been no further information published on the constructionteel plant in the Leningrad area.
Since each successive accomplishment in the construction of other nev steel plants in the DSSR has been announced by the Soviet press and radio, it is believed that plans for building the Cherepovets Metallurgical Plant have been cither indefinitely postponed or entirely abandoned.
3. Kazakh Metallurgical Plant. Alternate Dasjgnatjons.
The Kazakh Metallurgical Plant also is known by the following names: Kazakhstan Metallurgical Plant, Temir^Tau Metallurgical Plant, Karaganda Metallurgical Plant, and Samarkand. It is not believedumber designation has been assigned to the plant by the Ministry of Heavy Industry.
Location.
The Kazakh Metallurgical Plant is located atown established to furnish quarters for workers at the plant, approximatelyilometers northwest of Karaganda, Karagandinskaya Oblast, Kazakh SSR. The plant is situated on the shores of tbe Samarkand Water Reservoir at
Plan for Construction and Operation.
When tho plant uas plannednstallotions vera to consist of blast furnaces and three open-hearthnd the Bill vas to be in operation by the endJj/
Plans to expand the plant uere announced When tho newuas completed, it was to have tbe following: last furnaces with an annual capacityillion metric tons,pen-hearth furnecos with an annual capacityill ion tons, rolling mills with an annual capacity of moreillion metricipe mill vith an wnnjiwl capacity0 tons, aplant,efractory plant.
pay
1
According to plan, the Kazakh plant was to operate on iron ore from the Ashchy-Su Basin east of Karaganda, on coking coal shipped by rail free the Karaganda Basin, and on manganeso oreilometers from the town of Karaganda. Sufficient quantities of limestone, quartz, and white clay are available In the immediate vicinity of tho
Propress of Construction.
Progress of construction by years on the plant at Temir-Tau was as follows:
Plans were formulated for the construction of an iron and steel plant in the vicinity of
Inatsllation of an open-hearth furnace was begun late In the
. Ineport was made by plant offioials on the status of construction at Temir-Tau. This report was substantiated by other press releases vbich appeared during the latter partpen-hearth furnace was blown ln on The open-hearth building, which contained two other furnaces still undervas completed,0 squor# mettrs of the charging floor were enclosed. Six kilometers of railroad track were laid within the plant,otors of communication lines were Installed. Auxiliary shops uere completed and operating, including the mechanical, forge, foundry, electrical ropalr, boiler, and woodworking shops. Eleven thousand square maters of housing were completed.
lana wore announced callin* for tha connip-
tionduring the year of the construction ofpen-beart^ furnacThousing of the rolling mills, end of three^ wSctput in operationonstruction of the rolling millbegun In February^ completed In November.
the facilities at Temir-Taulast
pen hearths, additional rollingipe millotB-chemlcal plant,efractory plant werolnnounced in September. $
By the end6 the foUowing progress was reported 1
caoacitvfurnaces, each with a
furnncc completedth melt in
JwT Mill. illimeter roiling mill completed
mid0 metric tons of rolled products by
iSSIfcSLiS STthin mill was to prXfralL
for the Karaganda coal mines and channel and barolling
EAagt Fyjnacgg. No reference was made6 to the status of construction of the blast furnaces. The source oFpig iron for use in the open hearths was not mentioned, and It is assumed thftlhS
7t/ Population of Temir-Tau vas reported toMrm completed 2a/ Beksf
Plans proceeded7 as follows:
were in.tall.rf threo open-hearth furnaces
fti 7furDace operating untilctober, wheni furnace began to produce. During the first quarter
" Full name unknown.
pen hearthetric Ions of raw steel above Us quota improvements were made in the technique of chargingpenit vas claimed that, because charging time had been reduced fromhours, three instead of two melts were made each Ansource reported0 metric tons of rav steel were cea QL
Rplllnf It was reported that the new rollingprcducing thin sheet and corrugated roofing vas reachingnd that it was in operation by the end of October.
nl . orkers were em-
ployed at the plant onour Of these employees orkers wore assigned to tho open-hearth and rolling mill shops 8j'/ The foreman ofillImetor rolling mill was reported to bend the foreman of the forgo shop was named as8j/ :
arly8 it was announced that construction1 of tho new addition to existing plant facilities wouldther rocorts of progress were as followst
According to ono source,pen-
hearth furnace was ready to go into production by the and8 and it was expected that raw steel output for the year would0 met-icAccording to another source,pen hearth,apacityetric tons, alone had0 metric tons by November when it completedth melt. An article in the press9 claimed that operations of the furnaces had improvedduring the four previous years and, more specifically, that
? 8 IT! bMn *hortened appreciably and theercent. Jo/ ress story in8 claimed thatfurnaces at Temir-Tau were being relined and insulated to speedoperation ond to save fuel.
BTIIi Changes also were made onillimeter
rolling mill which wore expected to result In on increased output ofPff"nt- 2v he pro-October competitions, each worker inJ >0 to"Mit the best performance
This statement, althoughindicate,rive to increase production was underway.
,orkers were
employed at tbe plant onour
Full name unknown.
ho raw steel target0 at Temir-Tau, as announced in0 metric tons.n0 the claim uas made that the planned capacities of the opon-hoorth furnaces had been exceeded byercentesult of neu operational techniques and that smelting time had been reducedours andinutes.oward the end of the year the statomont appeared that tho planned target0 had been exceeded by
i2Sl- ome service radio broadcast it was announced that the plant had Increased its production capacity in the postwar years. to this broadcast, new open hearths and three large rolling mills had been put in operation, and smelting time, which in the early operation of the open hearths had run fromoours, had been reduced to less it is possible to makeeduction In smelting time by using enough hot metal in the charge. Sinco there Is no ovidenco of blast, furnaces in operation, the claim la doubtful.
Although it was planned originally to build at Temir-Tau four blast furnaces with an annual capacityillion metric tons, there is no evidence that tho construction of blast furnaces has even begun. Three open-hearth furnaoes are in operation, eachapacityetric tons. Three rolling mills probably are in operation, producing channel and bar steel, thin steel sheet, corrugated roofing, and rails for the Karaganda coal mines. The following auxiliary shops were built and are in operation: machine, forge, foundry, electric repair, boiler, and woodworking shops.
Little information is available on thc output of the Kazakh plant. It Is unlikely that production was greater than Indicated by the claim that0 target for raw steel was achieved on On the assumption that0 target0 metric tons. It is estimated0 tons wore produced Fron this figure is derived an estimate0 metric tons of rolled products, basedatio of rolled products to raw steel productionhich is tbe average of OS practice.
4. Orak-Khalllovo Metallurgical Combine.
The Orsk-Khalllovo Metallurgical Combine also is refnrrnd to by the follouing names: tuzhno-Uralskly, Novo-Troitskiy Metallurgical Komblnat, South Orals Metallurgical Works, Khalilovo Steel Plant, and Khalilovskly
Kombluat. It la not believedumber designation has been assigned to the coablne by the Ministry of Heavy Industry.
Location.
TheMetallurgical Combine is locatedWa-5QP2VZt approximately JO kilometers vent of Orskilometers north of the Oral River in Chkalovskaya Oblast.
Plan for Cftnirtnffittw ope-riAlon.
Although preliminary plans for the constructionargecombine in the South Urals vere part of the Third Five Tearctual construction did not beginarge scejs until after World War II. Upon completion, the combine vill become the basis for the development of an engineering industry in tho Siberian and Central Asian republics. It also vlll bo of importance in the development in those areas of othor branches of industry using alloyed metals, gff/
As plans for the combine at Sovo-Troitsk progressed, changes vero made to increase the size of tbe installation. These changes in planned equipment and annual capacities are listed below as follows;
Equipment
Blast Furnaces, Two (Each withubic Motors)
Open-hearth Furnaces,
Rolling Kills
Coke-chemical Plant
Products
Pig Iron
Steel
Rolled Products
Planned Equipment and2 ipO/
Metric Tons
Blast Furnaces, Four Open-hearth Furnaces, Tvo Rolling Mills Coke-chemical Plant Steam Power Plants, Two
Pig Iron Raw Steal Rolled Products
Equipment and/
Metric Tons
Blast Furnaces, Four Open-hoarth Furnaces, Six Besaentor Converters, Five Rolling Mills Machine Shop
Pig Iron Raw Steel
Rolled Products
Flans3 also called for thc utilisation0 employees andorgoas generatingoileroncentratingoke plant,atteries withvens each;eat and power plants,apacity0 kilowatts each.
Planned Equipaent and/
p,
Blast Furnaces, Four
Bessemer Converters, Three to Five
Opon-lioarth Furnacea, Six to Seven
Blooming Mills, Five
Rolling Mills
Coke Batteries, Six
Iron Raw Stcol Rolled Products
Coke
I
Planned to be producodere the following products: pig iron; ferroalloys; raw steel, plain carbon and alloy; rolled end forged steel, including structural shapes, rails, tire Iron, railroad car wheels and axles, sheets, and wiro; electrolytic tin (from scrapabbitt metal; bronze; coke; rind chemical by-products of coke/
Building materials for construction are available from local/ Coking coal was to come from the Karaganda and Kuznets/ Deposits of suitablo grades of Iron ore are locoted In the vicinity of the plant, and the ore fields cover an estimated areaquare kilometers, containing several million tons. The ores eontnln iron, chromo, and nickel and would be used in blast fumaoos to produce natural alloyed steels. Deposits lie close to tho surface and are mined by/ Manganese was to be shipped in from the Kul'ainakly aanganese oro/
Prot-resH of EfflK&BCfctM
Progress of construction by years on the Orsk-Khnlllovo Metallurgical Combine vas as follows:
The State Administration for the Construction of the Khalilovo Metallurgical Kombinat-Khal llovo Komblnat Project was under the direction of the Main Administration of the Metallurgical Industry In the Southern and Control Regions (Glavnoye upravleniye Molallurgichoskoy Promshlonnonti/
Construction of the Orsk-Khalilovo Metallurgical
iaUL- Two blast furnaces,apacityubic meters each andombined outputetricear, and two open-hearth furnacoe,lanned annual capacityetric tons, reportedly wore under/ Apparentlyeal of progress was made.
. Little construction work was done during World War
Construction at Orsk-Khalilovo was resumed after the armistice of World War/
In August it was announced that equipment for the blast furnaces, open hearths, coke batteries, rolling mills, and the boat and power plants was being/ By November the refractory brick ectory had started production, the construction of the first coke battery was underway, the turbogenerator was to be installed, and the foundationslast furnaco were to bo laid. UJj By tho end6 tholooming mill, manufactured by Novo Kromatorsk, was to have bean completed, JlV and tbe machine shop was to be in/
According to press reports ofrogress at the steel plant was not meeting/ ears tho Orsk Metallurgical Trust, in charge of building, had been under tho direction of throemanagers and there bad been five chief engineers. By the end of the0 squaro meters of housing wore to beoal which was not achieved. Tho article also claimed thatoars not one of tho responsible officials, either from tho Ministry of Ferrous Metallurgy or from the Ministry of Heavy Industry, hod visited the sito.
In7 It was announcedam across the Ural River in tbe Guborlinflk Mountains,ilometers abovo the city of Orsk. was aboutercent complete. At the junction of the Suunduk, Tanalyk and
Uralake would be formed, the Orsk Sea, which would furnish
water and power for the Orsk-Khalilovo/
Toward the end7 the following installations wore in operation: the refractory brick factory, the mechanical workshop, two sections of the forgo shop, and several auxiliary workshops. Conatruction completed0 square meters of housing and the building for the industrial training school. The profile-casting shop, which was to contain two lO-ton andon cupolo furnacoe for stool castings and one furnace for nonferrous metal casting, was ncaring completion, as was the machino shop, which was tolaning and vertical milling machines, turn lathes, and other equipment, installed. Plants underwore the coke-chemical plant, for which the walls were boing
erected and for which the coal pits and bunkora were being cemented, and the hoatlng and power plant, for which all concrete work was finished. The mounting of boilersurbogenerator also was underway. Howas made of blast furnace/
Progress at plant received little publicity8 It is not believed that much was accomplished. looming and slabbing mill for tho works was begun in8 by the Stalin Hoavy Engineering/ In9 it was announced that tho dam and the hydroelectric power plant north of Orsk still were under/
Although it was planned to have two batteries of the coke plant, two blast furnaces, Bessemer converters, and open hearthso mention appeared in tho press that such Operations had boon/
Publicity on the Orsk-Khalilovo Metallurgical Combine ceaseds far as information is available. By the ondefractory brick plantew auxiliary shops were in operation. ew others were noarlng completion. tart had been made on the construction of tho coke-chemical plant and the heating and power plant. In view of available information, the numerous changes in plans, tho turnover in personnel, the failure even to lay foundations for the blast furnaces, open hearths, and other planned structures, it seems probable that plana to build an integrated steel mill at Novo-Troitsk have boon postponed.
5. Iranscayeaslan MeVallMrfleal_rjant.
Alternate Pof InpftWnf
The Transcaucasian Metallurgical Plant also is referred to by the following names; Transcaucasian Inland Metal Works, Zakuvkozkiy, and Martin Zech. So far as isumber designation has not been assigned to the plant by the Ministry of Heavy Industry.
Location.
The Transcaucasian Metallurgical Plant Is located at Rustavi, on tho Kura River, aboutilometers southeast of Tbilisi, Goorpisn SSR. at
Plan for Construction and Operation.
Tho decision to build an iron and steel plant in Georgian SSR uas aade by the Ministry of Hoary Industry in the fall Surveys uere aade, end some preliminary work uas begun before World War II. Construction of the plant uas suspended during hostilities and resumed An announcement of planned antaaJ produetion for theuas not made until
Metric Tons
Pig
Rau
Rolled
The above production plan figures were modified on7udgotary speech made by the Georgian Deputy II. A. Georgadze, who announced that annual production would be as
Pig
Raw
Rolled
In tho springwo articles appeared in the Soviet press which announced the following equipment planned for the Rustavi plant: two blast furnaces, six bo eight open-hearthlooming mill, two coke batteries ofvena each, an agglomeration plant,eries of rolling mills, which were toheet millipe rolling/ When completed, the steel plant was to0 engineers.
technlcions, and/ Directors of the plant were to be Comelax and Kashakashvlli,"
Haw HH<Tlg1.n.
Raw matcrialc wore to be received principally from, and Acerbaydzhan/ Iron ore would cone from the Dashkosan deposits, locatedilonoters south of Kirovabad, Azerboydxhen SSR. Ores occur almost exclusively as magnetite, with an overage iron content7 percent. Tests have shown that the ores are easily concentrated,esultant iron content ofoercent. Iron oro reserves in North Caucasurt and Transcaucasua ore estimatedillion metric tons. Operations of tho mines wore cixpcctcd to begin8 andillion notric tons annually upon reaching full capacity. Coking ooal would be mined in the Tkvarcholi and Tlcibuli coal fields in Georgian SSR,ombination of coal from these two fields has proved to bo satisfactory for the production of metallurgical coke.
Progress of Construction.
German and Austrian prisoners of war in considerable, were used on construction work at Rustavi5n view of available information, however, the employmentargeof prisoners of war does not nocossarily indicate that any special urgency was nttached to the completion of the Rustavi project, which appears to havo gone forward with delays and inefficiency.'*
Progress of construction by years on the plant at Rustavi vas as
follows:
Pull name unknown. " Information obtained from these prisoners of war upon repatriation is used in the rest of this study; thti interrogation reports are too numerous to be identified separately.
Housing for0 workers was under construction and nearing completion, and the building of many auxiliary workshops was Foundationsuilding to bouse six open-hearth furnaces were laid, tho thermoelectric power station was begun,ridge across the Kura River was started. Tho llovo-Kramatorsk Heavy Machinery Plant accepted an orderlooming mill, which was to be completed by/
In tho first quarterhe mechanical repair, metal construction, and forgo nhops uere put into operation, and the firstof the neu railroad station uas to be completed in the fourth quarto-Of tlio/ Foundations forlast furnace were completed, and though foundations forere begun, construction uas reported as bain'pew months later. In7 it uas publicly announced for the first timo that construction uorle at Rustavi was/
A summary of the accomplishments achieved at the plant8 uas published in an article early in/ Listed as being in operation uero the iron and steel mill, the electrorepair shop, the woodworking shop, the cross-tie impregnating shop, and the oxygen plant. Dnder construction were the framework for tho open-hearth plant the blooming mill, and the coke-chemical and pipe-casting plants. One blast furnace uasercentpen-hearth furnaces uereercent completed; and one eloctropower station wasercent completed.
Tho article claimed that the over-all construction of the mill wasorcont complete. It also admitted that, becausehortage of building
mutorials, work stoppages lasting as longays were occurring.
Other press articles claimed thatlast furnaceubic meters' capacity, which wouldotric tons of pigay, was to be put into operation during the first quarter8 andtCr syste"ervice the plant vould be laid down during the
In February the workers at Rustavietter to Stalin In which they promised to do their utmost to turn out the first stool from tho plant by the fourth quarter8 and to complete tho blooming and pipe mille by the end of thc
Prisoners of war engaged in construction work on the project gave considerable information about the accomplishments Theto house open hearths,rt in Plantso-called from the Siemens-r'.vtin furnacesas finished during the year, and the laying of tho foundations for two open hearths vas begun in the summer By the end of the year, two of tho furnaces were onlyercent complete Eight open hearths vere planned, but lirtln PlonVould house only five Only temporary rail linos had been laid within tho plant area. Production or tools and equipment nocooaary Tor plant construction began inB, and nt the end of the year tho section producing this equipment uas thu only section of the plant iu actual operation.
ccording to items concerning thc plant uhich uere published in various newspapers during the year, uorkers at Rustavi pledged to Stalin that thc greatest effort would be made to produco the first lot of pig iron
during the third quarter/ This was an admission thatlast furnace, planned to be put in operation during the fourth quarterad not been completed.
Other items gavo information that the newly constructed electropover plant was put into operation early in the year and that two open-hearth furnaces were constructed. The building of the blooming and rolling mills was reported to beon electric smelting furnace,ally capacity ofetric tons, which would be used for making steel equipment for new shops under construction, had been installed, and-its initial output would consist of steel hot beds for molds for the open-hearth The Novo-Kramatorsk Heavy Machine Building plant was workingipe rolling mill for Rustavi and at the same time wasolding furnace for molten pig iron for the steel/
Former prisoners of war at Rustavi reported considerable information about the status of the project as of Three blast furnaces were said to be planned, the third furnace to be usedeserve, last furnace was completed, but one of three hot blast stoves had not been finished. Construction of blast furnaceas estimated to beoercent complete. There was no mention of initial construction of No. 3. Two observers were emphatic that work on the blast furnaces had stopped8 and, furthermore, had never been resumed.
According to the prisoners of war that had been at Rustavi, plans were made innd the foundations were completed in9 for open-hearth building No.hich was many timesto us an extension of the original open-hearth shed. ndpen hearths were completed during the year. Chimneys for the furnaces also had been completed, but during the late summer the chimney forollapsedtorm, reportedly because of faulty welding, and would have to be completely rebuilt. Foundations were completed forpen hearths, and excavations were completed for Nos.,dd 8, Most reports agreepen-hearth furnaces were to be constructed, but several observers stated that there was tootaloviet-designed charging crane was installedrack tothe furnaces, which were to be operated in groups of twos. Several observers reported that the open hearths- were temporarily adapted to operate on either gas or oil.
According to prisoner-of-war observers,9 the building forolling mill was completed, three rollers were installed, and the foundations were laidontinuous mill. Only the excavation work onolling mill was finished. umber of observers reported that the pipe and tube rolling mills were at the site and were being assembled. Construction of the building to house the machine shop was
completed, ond the following oquipmont was Installed: one US-built planer, one gear-cutting machine,umber of lathes and drilling machines. Tbe foundry building was finished, and six electric furnaces wore being .installed. Two observers ustimnted tho sise of these furnaces aseters in diametereters in height. The metalshop was reported to be in operation. Steel plates were processed ln the shop for use in construction of the plant, and installed machinerylate-cuttingending machine, and welding apparatus. The building forlectro power plant was completed late In the year, and one German turbogenerator was in operation. lant still uas under construction. The electrorepair and woodworking shops uere ln oporation. Two coal-storage bunkersapacityetric tons each and twoapacityetric tons each uero completed. Tho building to house the limestone processing plant uas. completed, but no equipment uas Installed, and tbeplant uas under
No production of iron and steel uns underway, and no keyfor the organization of work, preliminary to the manufacture of steel, hod arrived at Rustavi by tho end
Ineorgian newspaper announced that Ho. 1furnace went into operation inhatpen hearth uan placed in oporation onnd thatlooming mill began operation several months later. overal thousand tons of steel uere smelted, end the production of rolled steel/ The newspaper article also admitted the following shortcomings in the oporation of the open-hearth and blooming shops: (a) the technicalof uorkers uas organized poorly; (b) there still uere losses of metal in pouring or instances where steel remained in tbe furnace for tooime; (o) the charging of the furnaces often took too much tine; (d) heutls of shops or shifts uera not always presentelt uas completed; (e) work areas uere cluttered with scrap and useless equipment; (f) machinery too frequently uas idlo because of tho absenco of repair scheduler; (g) Socialist competition had not been developed fully; and (h) there uas no close cooperation between the open-hearth and rolling shops.
Inpeech broadcast ovor Radio Moscow reported "the building of the Traiiscaucasian Metallurgical Works Is beingcarried/ uas stressed, but no mention was msdo of the plant being in operation.
Five observors, former prisoners of war who had worked at Rustavi, reported that operation ofpen-hearth furnace uas scheduled forut an observer who had beon at tho plant through0 reported that such on operation had not been accomplished. Soveral sources reported that no rau materials had arrived at Rustavi and that the plant uns not producing Iron and stool at the end of
.
One blast furnace probably is in oparatlon at Rustavi, and possibly two aro producing pig iron. It is estimated that only two of the six to eight open-hearth fumacoo are in operation, and it is not believed that more than one of the planned rolling mills is in operation. looming mill probably vent into production In The necessary auxiliary shops to support present output are comploted and in operation. Progress has been slow, and it is estimated that planned installations and equipment vill not be completed and in operation for at least five more years.
Ho information as to the amount of pig iron, row steel, and rolled products being produced at the Rustavi plant has been published. Some production of each category undoubtedly is being realised, but the amount cannot be estimated.
6. Uzbek Metallurgical Plant. Alternate Ptalf-natiQna.
The Uzbek Metallurgical Plant also is referred to by the following names: Usbekpramstroy, Farkhad-Stroy, Eagovat Metallurgical Plant, UKZ (Uzbek MetallurgicalMZK (Uzbek Metal Zavodzbekskiy Metallurgical Zavod, and Central Asian Metallurgical Works. It is not believedumber designation has been assigned to the plant by tho Ministry of Heavy Industry.
LoC*tlop.
The Uzbek Metallurgical Plant is located at Begovat, Uzbek SSR,ilometers south of Tashkent, aton the right bank of the Sjtr-Darya River, not far from the Parkhad Hydroeleotrio Power Station.
Plan for Construction and Operation.
The construction of an iron and steel mill at Begovat was part of the Fourth Five Tear, and on completion it will provide Central Asia with iron and steel products which now must be imported from other Soviet areas. Planned production targets on completion of plantwere as follows:
-
Planned Targets of the Uzbek Ketallurgical Plant
Metric Tons
Pig
/
Planned production targets0 uere as follows:
argets of the Uzbek Metallurgical/
Metric Tons
Pig
Raw
In addition to the production of metallurgical coke, iron, and steel,ek plant oventually is to produce ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotungsten,rromolybdemim.
Raw Materials
Surveys and explorations in the Uzbek area during theisproved earlier beliefs that Central Asia is poor in resources of iron ore. The Soviets claimeposits have been found conveniently located in the vicinity of Uzbek. Three of these deposits have been studied thoroughly, and it has been determined that the ono of Abail contains mainly siderite; the ore of Suzingen, iron oxide ofoercent FejOj; and the ono of Turganly, an average iron content ofercent, the (latter deposit being of more immediate value to the Uzbek plant.
A suitable quality of coking coal is available in thc eastern part of the Fergana Valley, and it uas planned that thc exploitation of those reserves uould begin
Large quantities of iron and steel scrap, fluxing agents, and quartz sandigh quality required for casting are located within easy acces: to the plant.
Proi-ross ofn
irogress of construction by years on the Uzbek plant uas as follows:
in the laylDe^Ut^
Inravdo announced that construction vas progressing andfar advanced on the building of the open hearths, the rolling Bill, and machine, forge, and-press shops and that tbe foundations ror the first open-hearth furnace would be laid in/
By the end of thewo open-hearth furnaces had
teen completed, 0ne of which began operation in February,hird furnace was being constructed. The machine and forge shops and the foundry and rolling mill were being built, and it was claimed thatwere being laid for four coke-burning blast Bo regular produotion of iron and steel took place, but workers during the year were trained in smelting practices, probably at/
In5 the second open-hearth furnace was putthe boiler room and repair shop were completed,were being assembled for the heating and electric powerthe rollingregular production of raw steel begaT
sometime during the year,0 metric tons were reported to have been poured by the end of/
n6 it was announced that the rolling mill department of the Uzbek plant would consist of three-
nd that Rollingad bean placed in/ The initial operatioTof the mill was confirmedessage of congratulations to the workers of the Uzbek plant from Stalin late in October. Rolling0
triC tonD^-Producing angle, strip, and bar iron By the end of October,etric tons were rolled experimentally, iW and the rogular operation of the mill did not begin until November.
In September the press announced that two opon-hearth furnaces were completed and in production,andhird furnace was to beby the end of the/ It was estimated0 metric tons of raw steel were producedith one furnace operating
1 message in mid-October to Stalin from plant officialshim that all construction work for the Uzbek plant was/ In recognition or success in completing the governmental assignment for construction work at Uzbek, in late November three officials of the plant were awarded tho Order of
^^rise trust,hief of construction, SC. Aytemtov, director of the plant, F. F. Ryazanov-
hief engineer of ItTplknt,hief of tho rolling Mill, A. L. Sergionko.
7 it uas announced publiclythebu"d^ of ovens, blast furnaces, aniaSTL ?at Uzbek during the year our blast'furnlce^
to h. pen-hearth furnace uas completed and oPfration shortly thereafter. It also uas claimed that
the production achieved7 had0 metric tons of rau steel0 metric tons of rolled
QahaV ftv*Vo?rlBfof w lectrician at
ahTmnS? ? cUijatd that Production at
the plant consisted^of tank bodies and tracks, bogie wheels, band and
entimeters thick, and profile iron and that shipments ofoank bodies andreight oars, weighingere sent to Tashkent eachly. He alao claimedower plantilowatts for
fUCl
reparations machinery, was completed during the/
No announcements were made in the presson-
S" direct ^Pwvislon of the Production
of Metallurgy. Twenty-two million rubles uere
tSwork and for the install.-
furnaces worked almost continuously throughout
the year, and operational techniques were improved. During the year the
Full namenw,BUo1 od thls bflSlshave been approximately
production
80 metric tons.
fUrMCeetrirtons aniflaliaractorT: Hen ^Ployed in the shops, and average output per manetricigure, however, which
coniparo favorably with other plants. Pig Iron consumption was MU kilograms per metric ton of raw steal.
On the average, the rolling millanyear andetric tons of rolled products per man. an estimated rolled oteel ore-auction0 metric tons,poured earlier vere removed from tho factory's reserve Inmeter ax tons Ion to the rollW
Production8 was ostimatod0 metric tons of raw stool0 metric tons of rolled products. The principal output at the plant8 consisted of crude steel and rolled products but thoro also was somo production of castingo, forgings, ingot moulds nd consumer goods and agricultural implements mado from rollingcrap. By the end of the year,orkers were employed o.ere engaged in production. Nev employees for the Ozbek plant received technical training at Magnitogorsk before assuming duties in the mills. Threeay were being worked in the basicof tho plant.
During the yoar the director of tho plant, P. F. Ryazanov was replaced by his deputy. Engineer Sh. Khodshayev. In additionis responsibilities, the chief engineer of Uzbek, Kurbatovvas mode deputy to Khodzhayev. /
An allotmont ofillion rubles was made for further conatruction and Installations in the plant/
In July it was announced publicly that during thoonthseveral thousand more tons of steel were produced with two open-hearth furnaces than had been produced during the same periodMelting time had been reducedormoursours andpen hearth, which was supposed to have been put into productionstill had not bean/
Several changes took place in tho rolling mill8 In July, five modifications and improvements were/ The rolling mill frame of the driving rollors in front of tho blooming train was being reconstructed and replacedore powerful frame. Ball rocket bearings were being installed on the shears, and thesystem forlllimeter rolling mill was being modified completely. The dragging device in front ofillimeter mill was being rebuilt, although It is not believed that eitherilllmetor orillimeter mills ever reached the operational stage up to this time. The final improvement of the year was the installation
Full name unknown.
!
S/thrS^Thri^t'-askbv th^hadanual task
owered quality of the rolled
argets for theonths of the year
Jrj^TC!? "nd those for allo have been completed on/
Production targets0 uere given0 metric tons ofraw steel0 metric tons of rolled products'by
Personnel.
m as announced that there were no blast furnaces operating at Uzbek. The three open-hearth furnaces were operating only on scrap metal, and the rolling mill had begun to produce fine-gauge sheet and half-millimeter roofing/
Simmsry.
ation, the following equipment and installations are believed to be at the Uzbek Metallurgical Flint in
furnaces were planned, but none has been constructed.
Three open-hearth furnaces uere planned, and three ere in operation. operating on scrap iron and steel. Three rolling mills,illimeter,rXMaUHawter, were planned AllbeHeyed to be installed, but onlyilltaeter furnaceto be in operation. illimetor mill was designedcapacityCCO metricear. All auxiliary workshopssupport present operations at Uzbek are believed to be completed
It Is believed that the target of rolled products0 OO metric tons, is too high. In the5acklog of raw steel uas accumulated at the Uzbek plant, and claimed productions of rolled products for those years are reasonable. 9 thc raw steel reserve uas consumed, and it is estimated that91
rolled production was not core than the theoretical ratio of production of rolled products to the output of raw steali thatl00.
Estimated Production at the Uzbek Metallurgical Plant
Torn.
6 7 8 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rolled Products 0 00 0 0
APPENDIX C
rOTopcLCcy.
Plant studies and briofs were written from available information which covered tho following for each plant: alternate designations, its location, the plan for conatruction and operation, the sources of raw materials, the progress of construction,ummary of tho status of construction at the and Production estimates1 of raw steel and rolled products were basedurvey of equipment in operation and upon Soviet production claims. Explanation of the slow progress of the construction of the new plants and prediction of the status of new plants and production5 wero basednowledge of the availability of conatruction materials and equipment, the status of the rehabilitation of the steelfollowing World War II, tho situation in the expansion andof existing steel plants, the adequacy of skilled labor, and tho availability of installations and equipment for the nev steel plants.
APPENDIX D
SOURCES AND EVALUATION OF SOURCES
1. Evaluation of Sources.
Sources used in the preparation of this report fall into the following categories:
a. Public announcements released under the supervision of the Soviet Government. These announcements Include articles appearing in national and local Soviet newspapers and in periodicals, foreign end domestic radio broadcasts, and books. These sources of information, which constitute the only recent information on the development of new steel centers in the SSR, formed the basis for the larger pert of the information appearing in the report. When it has been possible to check the contents of these releases, it has been found that the information usually is accurate.
U -
c. US Publici^-jons.
Material for articles on neu steel plants in the USSR appearinP US newspapers and magazines usually originates from the types of purees listed in la, above, or from writers' interpretations of publicly made speeches in the USSR.
2. gourcos.
Original document.
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