El Plan do
Published In Pronto, Mexico City on
The State
The special mission of the State is toational spirit strong and unified in the spiritual fieldeople healthy and organically capable.
We live in an epoch of social trans foraation and we are aware of the aspirations of the moment with glances to the future, but with the full conception of the reality of our oountry. We cannot return to tbe past, therefore we should construct on solid foundations and that solidity alone can provide understanding of the realityation and lte destiny.
By every means and with every resource we shall combat international ccemuniam. Lavs ought to be passed Immediately aimed at eradicating lt frcso our country and avoiding ita bea owing enthroned ever again. An awareness should be rreated in the people of exactly what Marxism signifies and the problem of misery must be resolved on the basis of Social Justice. The urgent necessity of instituting the familial salary is recognised.
The Individual
Human dignity, the integrity of man and his liberty are eternal and intangible valuesj but the use of this liberty against the fortification and agrandisemetit of the country should be prohibited. Legal norms of rigorous obligRtions should impede every attempt directed at poisoning, at disuniting or changing the destinies of the Nation.
Justice and peace In the world, as well as liberty, haveasis the recognition of the intrinsic dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family, Th* lack ef recognition and the deprecation of the rights of man have originated aota of barbarismto the conscience of humanity.
We recognise as an ambition of every human being the adventorld in which men may enjoy liberty of speech free from fear and misery as well as liberty of belief, liberty of public assembly, liberty of movement and theother liberties proclaimed by democracy and protectedust regime.
Human equality in dignity and rights will be protected. We do not accept discrimination by reason of race, color, sex, language, religion, political opinion, or any other characteristic of national or social origin, of economic or some other condition.
The right to life, to liberty, and* per.anal security, and the
tion of slavery Id any form, of inhuman or degrading tortures, penalties or cruel tratmente fore the snbaUnee of our philosophy.
The right to be heard publicly and vith justice by independent and impartial tribunals and the right that one's innocence amy be pnamed So long aa guilt la unprovan const!tote gut ran teas which should have affective reality in practice. The right to Indamnlsatlon is reoognized when tbe verdict In the penal branoh absolves the accused.
The prison program will be modernisediew toward the physical and moral betterment of the prisoners whose huvm dignity will be respected fully and to whom society will guarantee their rehabilitation.
Respect of privet) life, of the family and the home, of private correspondence, of the honor and reputation of individuals should remain fully guaranteed.
The right to participate ln the government directly or through freely chosen representatives and of access to public functions are tho inherent rights of citizens and thus we esteem and recognise the*.
Capital and Labor
Work must be considered aa an individual right andocial obligation. Parasitism should be punished In accord with the laws whloh must be passed for thst purpose, but It ie an obligation of tha State to employ Its full resources In order to provide work for all who lack lt and thus assure economic conditions necessaryroper existence.
The advantages provided to the laborers by social laws now In force will be maintained andsecurity will be Justly reorganised to the end that lt take Into account certain loans which today fall passively on the conscience of the people as wall as on enterprises, thereby exhausting then.
Capital and labor most be protected by the State, thereby bringing these factors of prodvaotion into clone and effective haranoy. Lavs which regulate the relationship between capital and labor win take Into account the social and economic conditions of the country, the oonditiane snd particular eustoms of each region, and thend potemtlalltlea ef the different classes of activity.
inactive campaign of education will be Initiated which will make plain the fact that the class straggle Is destructive, prejudicial to one's own economic and social interests and which will explain tbewhich close collaboration between management and laborer represents for both in the interest of Justice and stability.
Those labor organizetions now functioning find theueelvea organized and directedingle central unitotalitarian nature and of an exclusively political character. In reforming this situation the Labor Code Bust precisla an effective freedoa for unions and nust, in the bast possible aanner, provide guarantees against that super-Labor organisation which enslaves unions and workers. Reforms mist be channeled in accord with the principles of the International Labor Organisation which has drawn up multilateral treatlos for Just this purpose* It must prohibit all communist Influence In the unions and In the labor movement.
It Is an obligation of the State to make effective the right to social security, to medical assistance and to the necessary. the right to Insurance in the case of accident, unemployment. Illness,widowhood, old age, and in all instances of the loss of Independent means of subsistence et one's disposal and the loss of prtectlon to the family, to mothers, to the family and to Infants.
The Statendertake the construction of cheap living quarters and housing projects for laboreres. The Planning Council, whioh will be immediately created, will give special attention to this administrative matter.
The Economy. Land, Cooperatives
We aspire to that ecoaanlc condition in which Ouatemala willouatry of great production. The best way to lnorease the hell-being of the country, raising tbe living standards of all sodial classes andof the laborers and the farmers, la to attract national and domestic capital and to make use of the technical direction of tbe United Rations in the development of new sources of wealth, which will Insure full employment to the population, remunerative Jobs, and an active commerce.
Capital and technical aid must be the object of special guarantees which will be established in treaties that take into account the two extremes i one, the avoidance of the expropriation of enterprises or theof Its profits for political purposes or the like.
Specialised technicians must establish which industries deserve State protection and this will be the basis for the formulationew industrial lav.
Immediately and in proper form we must proceed to the develpaent of the total agricultural resources of the country, to the creation of new finoas, to an agricultural industrialisation ained at the maximum yield and export of the products of the land. With the support of domestic and foreign capital, and with the assistance oflan for machinery and equlpnent must be prepared and executed. trong incentive must be given In immediate form to the development of tha cattle
Industry, setting up great breeding places for cattle in different favorable zones of ths Rapublle and If possible In the plains of Paten, Using;of the experience of other coon tries in such eases, we will try to produce the grestea quality of seat to improve the food supply of ths people as well as for export.
A fundamental question ls to devise an effective check on the erosion of our lands with Its cultivated olots at the foothill of tbe mountains.
The modern capitalistic system, humanlead. Is advisable for our economic development. Marxism must be repudiated ln so far as it provokes class struggle, nullifies private property and the incentive for work, and in as much as lt leads in the end to the absorption by the State of all the resources of production. ynamic cooperative orientation is desirable ln order toecrease ln tht oost of livingigher level of existence. olicy which ls firmly directed to the creation of the gratest number of proprietors without falling Into tbe danger of "minlfundlo" will be an object of special consideration.
Wealth has ss its first goal the Improvement of tbe conditions for all those who make up the population. It ls not acceptable that the great majority'live miesrablyew enjoy luxury. The social laws most take their inspiration from the economic realities of the country snd must be applied Justly without favoritism and with fall guarantees to employer aid employees. Discrimination ls hateful and dlssdvan tagelous.
In the. plan for national economic improvement we will proceed toroad impulse to the investigation, exploration andof the extractive Industries and In particular to the hydrocarbon industry and ita allies. Failure to make use of thle wealth now la uneconomlo for lt le undeniable thathort time the Industrial use of atomic energy will devaluate the fuels used now. Incontracts of concessions, the technical direction will remain under the direction of industry and the Bute will participate In its benefits, thus giving confidence, security and guarantees to theof the lndlepenaable capital.
Ihaofar aa the Agrarian Reform affects the dletribuUon of land it must be carried out without harm or waste to those enterprises of any kind vhlch constitute well organised economic units, such as coffee flncas, sugar csne, banana, fine woods, vegetable oils, and so forth, and cattle and fruit ranches and dairies. Consequently lands should be apportioned as legitimate property, notoan, to whomever aspires to Independence. An institution of Agrarian Reform will be established with political sutonomy and sufficient facilities to proceed with the division of lands belonging to the State, subetltultlng for political
central the tecbnlcalegaletanee of specialised services and the financial aid vhlch Initiates new exploitations. The excessive holding of land and the usurious exploitation of cawpesinos will be prohibited.
Economic and social refera will be carried cot for the auric haf agricultural production. The first will be realized through the following swansi
inisnsi profitable price for agricultural products|
Returning to the land, in order to endow Itarge part of that which today ttie city absorbs ln paying forservices;
rua national agricultural credit which, by lending money to the laborer at low Interest, uill redeea hln froa usury and froa Boaalaa}
Spreading agleultural and cattle education through the different sections of the Republicj
Ragulating the diatribetion of land ln accord with its eondlton and the potential pinesweat of Ita products)
Regulating tariff policyanner which will protectand cattle Industry) and.
Accelerating hydraulic works and rationalising the usee of
oultlvatlcn.
The social reform of agriculture wuat be carried out, distributing arable land In the State's possession in order to initiate family property and to redeem from misery those families who live In sterile lands,them with new arable lands.
Plans for economic and social reform will be developed, setting up agrarian legislation for tbe country In accord with the ideasherei thle legielation will be substituted for the preaent Agrarian Reform Law and Its effects and cooneqoencea.
The recoaatructlon of the ancestral communes of the people as municipal property will be given preferential treatment.
Tbe State mast permit all private Initiative compatible with the general Interest and mast encourage those Initiatives vhlch are benficlal. with the aid of foreign capital, areas of bao Ward economic development must seek the means of initiating and developing their ownolicy of popular conviction Bust be directed towards an Integral cooperative system in tbe use of nationalolicy which at the same time that it lowers the coat of living will raise its living standard. The establishment of oooperatlvee for consumers, for production, credit and banking, must be free snd voluntaryj theof this economic -social system, aimed at eliminating tbe misery of the great majority, will constitute en effective barrier against Communist actio
Tbe Fa ally. Culture, Social Aaslstance
The family, the Bother, and the married couple must hare theof the State which will eeetrict compliance with the obligations which derma from that protection. Familial Inberltancebe the cense of protectire legislation. The organisation of the fanilT, legally baaed on marriage, wust root co the equality of rights for both husband and wife.
By whatever means at ita dlepoeal the State will endeavor to ace to It that Marriage le the basis for the organization of the faadly, in order to cement morally and legally the relations which mist exist butwoen Berried people.
Adoption, ln order to benefit Juveniles, wust be maintained. Lapel lnqualltles between children born in or out of wedlock oust be avoided for both wust have equal rights.
The State aost guard the physical, sen tal and noral health of Infants, creating the necessary and adequate institutions and accessories.
The fathers of fan Hies who have six or aore children under age and who lack suf'lciant resources auiat receive the special protection of the State.
The promotion and spread of culture constitutes an obligation of the State. This education mast include tbe protection of physical health, moral and civic formation, and Inst notion and Initiation in activitiesractical nature.
The magistrate must preserve and intensify the dignity natural to the personality of children and young people and the State must dignify the teacher economically, socially and culturally. Control and superrlsion must be strict, and rigorous sanctions must be placed on them* who establish school or scholarship in centers of Marxist diaseadnatiun orribunal of political propaganda.
A minimum of oommao compulsory knowledge most' be Imparted and gratuitously sustained with the resources of the State. In general, knowledge mustocial function Intimately related to boo lai necessities and tendencies and to the aspirations of the society whloh lt is designed to serve, -and It mastowerful support for social unification, for social coneelence, and for social progress.
The Stat* vlll establish schools of arts and trades in eachcapital and will establish centers of rural education on the very land where the canpeslnos live.
T The obligation of finca owners, of the owners of factories and other great enterpriaea, to support schools for tbe peasant and laborer population must be made effective, and the State aost deternlne the per-
selecting the individuals end Inspecting Its functioning. In the rural schools elementsry courses of agriculture nust be pre sal bed and practical agriculturists developed.
The canpalgn for naUooal literacy must be sotlve and effective. The personnel mho make op the campaign must be reorganised ln order to eliminate the communist elements which have filtrated into It.
The development of en Integral policy for economic, social and cultural improvement of the Indigenous groups must be carried out on the basis of the practices, the customs, conditons and needs of each one of those nucleus of population.
The right to education, to technical and profosuiunal insSac-tlcn, snd access to higher education on an equal basis mint be made effective. Every one must have access to the centers of study and talent must not be wafted through tbe lack of economic resources. aw will establish the form of compensation to those persons who through their ability and achievement in their studies are worthyuarantee from tbe State of that economic support necessary for the completion of the professional career which they heve selected, snd for broadening their knowledge through specialisation abroad.
Tbe autonomy of the university of San Carlos of Guatemala nust be maintained and tbe State will contribute to Insure and Increase the University'o inheritance.
Penile health and social assistance willeal concern of the government. rogressive canpalgn of sanitation will be Instituted and developed in an active and effective form. Social assistance most be reorganiied and developed throughout the Republic. The personnel must be carefully selected and tha hospital centers must be endowed withthat Is necessary. Tbe abosevelt Hospital nust be completed as soon as possible and duly equipped. The Planning Council must considerroblem of urgent resolution tbe health of the people and the aid that thle project must receive.
The Economic Regime and Public Works
The goods which constitute the Inheritance of tho State will be detachable and disposable with the exception of those which arc necessary for its existence and functioning.
Private property as the legitimate means for the fulfillment of individual, familial and social ends must be protected by the State and defended against the abuses of grant financial capital, of speculators andlenders.
The State will supply technical instruction, adadnistrative
direction, machinery and capital to agricultural collectives and
Freedom cf industry, of commerce and,of work In general nust be recognised and guaranteed. The aufcncr or Inventor will enjoy the
exclusive ownership of his work or Invention. Literary or artistic ownership Is assured.
Contracts to exploit mdaerels or hrdro-carbonlo deposits can bs drawn up not to exceed fifty years and those relating to national waters,eriod no greater thanears. The deposits ofand their derivatives oan be exploited by the State and by companies of OuBteaaleo or foreign capital, the State to participate equitably in the profits.
One of the alas of the government sill be to aske Onateaala a
rloh and prosperous nation, initiating and developing ths exploitation of its natural resources and giving full guarantees to national and foreign capital.
Honor In th* management of public funds and probity in general must b* .tb* aaxlsnsi realisation of th* government.
Scononio and Cultural lid to Municipalities
Ths backwardness of ths population, even in dapartmentsl capitals, is lajwmtahle and demands the Immediate attention of the central Tn order to correct this situation It is necessary:
a) To create ccandttees of oltlsens who will actively InterestIn local progressmake themselves responsible for it;
h) To establish the principle that the profits of the productioniven locality must contribute to that progress, which means It must cede to theubstantial part of the taxes on coffee and on the other taxable articles which are produced In th* '- aunlclpelityj
Toody of technical assistance to th* municipalities with mobile activities in order to actuate local progress;
To localise industries and artisan works which are typicalurely local Inter*stj
a) To activate urbanismysteaof protection to the Increase and improvement of the Inhabitants.
The cultural function must consist principally of the development of sports, tho promotion of honest entertainments, tbe foundation of vital libraries, aid to religious activities, the establishment of bankingn the most Imprtant areas with savings departments, cultural examinations and debates, etc.
Ths generalisation and perfection of the communication system*
railroads, airlines, radios, tolatypea, telegraphs and telephones
west be achieved and the price of these services
must be lowered.
The State oust set op end orcoote the creation end functioning of public services for potable water, for light and electric energy. In those places where they do not now exist.
Arjff
The technical reorganisation of the Aray ls fuudaaental batla even wore desirable fron the point of view of morale. There oan be no soldier where there la no honor. Honor la the lifend without it all the nerlt and technical vabes which night be roused disappear. Either one cultivates and practices honor or one cannotoldier. Honor le the symbol of military virtue. To noke theastion of democracy in Guatemala and in Central America and to Instruct the ooldier beneath the standards of honor and In the spirit of sacrifice and service to the Patrla will constitute one of the ends of thia government.
International Policy
Respect to and faithful compliance with the treaties andsigned by Guatemala constitute an irrefutable pledge.
International policy will aim towards the tightening and barmon-lalng of relation* with all the countries of the Western Democracies, based on the principle of loyal and sincere cooncratloa.
Ouatemala will establish Itselftrongca unlet bastion ln Central America and she will re-enter the Inner halls of theof Central American States with sincere unionist proposalswith the reality of oar peoples and will contribute toighting fron againat eommunimm ln Central America.
In sincere and effective manner, Guatemala will align itself In the vanguard of democratio countries and will give Ita entireto continental solidarity and defense.
Original document.
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