Plasma cell differentiation requires the transcription factor XBP-1

Article Abstract:

Research is presented concerning the transcription factors which have been shown to be active in the early stage specification of the B-lymphocyte lineage. The importance of the transcription factor XBP-1 is discussed.

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Chondrodysplasia and neurological abnormalities in ATF-2-deficient mice

Article Abstract:

Mice that has a germline mutation in activating transcription factor-2 (ATF-2) showed unusual actions of ATF-2 that cannot be found in the other family members of ATF/cAMP response element (CRE). Mutant mice exhibited lower postnatal viability and growth, with defective endochondral ossification at epiphyseal plates similar to human hypochondroplasia. The animals also exhibited hyperactivity, impaired hearing and ataxic gait. ATF-2-deficient mice manifested a need for skeletal and central nervous system development.

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The transcription factor NF-ATc is essential for cardiac valve formation

Article Abstract:

Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) is a group of four linked transcription factors required for cytokine gene expression in activated lymphocytes. Mice with disrupted NF-ATc genes show selective absence of the aortic and pulmonary valves leading to death in utero. However tricuspid and mitral valve morphogenesis is normal. The results suggested that NF-ATc may be essential in signal-transduction needed for normal cardiac valve formation.

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