Article Abstract:
A study on the disappearance of male pied flycatchers during their breeding period in Norway reveals that disappearance is maximum during the nestling season due to high predation by European sparrowhawks. Predation mediates plumage maturation and cryptic coloration in male pied flycatchers. Bright colored males are more susceptible to predation as they are more easily spotted by sparrowhawks in comparision to dull colored males. The rate of female disappearance is more than that of dull colored males.
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Article Abstract:
Females may rely on selection by others in order to cut the costs of the process of assessing mate quality. Female pied flycatchers were studied to see whether they were influenced by prior selection of potential mates by other females. This was found not to be the case. The females neither favored already selected males, nor did they avoid them for fear of competition. Their selection appears to be linked to the male's courtship display, and was independent of prior choices made by otehr females.
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Article Abstract:
Analysis of female aggression in pied flycatchers, Ficedula hypoleuca, find that the aggressive behavior of females occurs in order to defend the male parental care. In polygynous birds, female breeding success mainly depends on the male parental care. Polyterritoriality in male birds is to escape aggression from the primary female, when trying to attract a second female.
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