Importance of SoxE in neural crest development and the evolution of the pharynx

Article Abstract:

Two sea lamprey SoxE genes are expressed in migrating neural crest and crest-derived prechondrocytes in posterior branchial arches, whereas a third paralogue is expressed later in the perichondrium and mandibular arch. Morpholino knock-down of SoxE1 reveals that it is essential for posterior branchial arch development, although the mandibular arch is unaffected, highlighting the homology of vertebrate branchial arches and supports their common origin at the base of vertebrates.

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Extending influence

Article Abstract:

The prevalence of extracellular recordings has contributed to a collective consciousness in which the action potential or spike is viewed as an invariant stereotyped event that occurs once a threshold membrane potential is reached. The digital signal carries information from the neuronal cell body, the soma, down the axon to presynaptic terminals, where it evokes the release of neurotransmitter to excite or inhibit the next neuron.

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Weak pairwise correlations imply strongly correlated network states in a neural population

Article Abstract:

Weak correlations between pairs of neurons coexist with strong collective behaviour in the vertebrate retina in the response of ten or more neurons. It is found that this collective behaviour is described quantitatively by model that captures the observed pairwise correlations but assume no higher-order interactions.

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