Activation of the Raf-1 kinase cascade by coumermycin-induced dimerization

Article Abstract:

Coumermycin-induced dimerization activates the Raf-1 serine/threonine kinase, and homotypic oligomerization promotes this Raf activation in vivo. Raf-1 kinase is stimulated when it is translocated to the plasma membrane after it binds to Ras-GTP. The translocation makes the kinase accessible to membrane kinases and phosphatases which control its functioning, and increases the local levels of Raf. Raf activation is achieved through the kinase clustering which is promoted by the localization.

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CD22 regulates thymus-independent responses and the lifespan of B cells

Article Abstract:

Flow cytometry, cell proliferation and serum antibody assays, as well as cell cycle and bromodeoxyuridine assays were performed to determine the functional activity of the B-lymphocyte-restricted glycoprotein CD22. The results showed that CD22 regulates production of antibodies against thymus-independent antigens. It was also shown that the glycoprotein controls the lifespan of mature B lymphocytes.

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Selective requirement for MAP kinase activation in thymocyte differentiation

Article Abstract:

Blocking of MAP kinase (MAPK) activity, by introducing inactive MAPK, helps study the function of MAPK in positive and negative selection processes. The positive selection of T-cell receptor (TCR)-induced maturation of these cells is affected, while no variations are observed in TCR-stimulated negative selection and proliferation.

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