Absence of excitiotoxicity-induced apoptosis in the hippocampus of mice lacking the Jnk3 gene

Article Abstract:

Disruption of the gene encoding c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) 3 in mice was found to establish a resistance to the excitotoxic glutamate-receptor agonist kainic acid. Seizure activity was reduced and hippocampal neuron apoptosis was prevented. The observed neuroprotection was due to extinction of the Jnk3-mediated signalling pathway, which is significant in the pathogenesis of glutamate neurotoxicity.

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Essential autocrine regulation by IL-21 in the generation of inflammatory T cells

Article Abstract:

Interleukin (IL)-21 is shown as another cytokine that is highly expressed by mouse [CD.sub.4.sup.4+] helper T ([T.sub.H]) 17 cells. IL-21 is found to be an autocrine cytokine that is sufficient for [T.sub.H]17 differentiation and has served as a target for treating inflammatory diseases.

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Regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses by MAP kinase phosphatase 5

Article Abstract:

Innate and adaptive immune responses in the absence of MKP5 are examined. The study shows MKP5 has a principal function in both innate and adaptive immune responses, and represents a novel target for therapeutic intervention of immune diseases.

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