Replacing refrigerants - no clear-cut choice

Article Abstract:

At present time, there are still no clear answers as to the best choice of marine refrigerants that would serve as alternatives to ozone-depleting refrigerants such as CFCs, R12 and R22. This is because the consideration of the potential for global warming poses complication in the selection process, considering that most of the available refrigerants in the market directly or indirectly contributes to greenhouse effect. For the time being, Sabroe Marine suggests replacing R12 with HFC R134a, which will be replace with HFCs R407C, R404A or R507 after ten years.

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Danes seek fair competition

Article Abstract:

Unfair competition from Asian shipbuilders in Korea and Japan is one of the problems faced by Danish shipbuilders because the world market prices of ships remain weak and depreciation of the yen and won have yielded greater advantage in exports. In addition, greater amount of loans have been provided to these Asian firms to continue building cargo ships even when large surplus in shipping capacity already exists.

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Harder competition brings harder time

Article Abstract:

Competition from Korean shipbuilders has place a strain on the Spanish large ship building industry during 2000, with only the small fishing boat sector showing an upturn in demand.

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