Techniques for establishing schedules with wheel running as reinforcement in rats

Article Abstract:

The circadian rhythms of operant behavior is examined by the use of the technique of wheel running as a reinforcer, unaccompanied by food or water deprivation. Three experiments were conducted to prove that access to wheel running is dependent on lever pressing. Analyses of behavioral patterns based on wheel-running reinforcement sessions, extending beyond a day, reveal a rhythmic system of lever pressing with fluctuations at the same time each day.

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Differential outcome effect in the horse

Article Abstract:

Discrimination performance in horses improved more when discrimination combinations were differentially reinforced by food then when randomly reinforced or when reinforcement was common for correct combinations. This study demonstrates differential outcome, with significant implications for controlling equine behavior in the laboratory and horse sports.

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Effects of differing response-force requirements on food-maintained responding in CD-1 mice

Article Abstract:

The study examines the proposition that increases in response are aversive using CD-1 mice trained to press a disk with their snout. The results conclude that increased force requirements are more analogous to intermittent schedules of reinforcement.

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