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Invention, Innovation and Economic Evolution

Article Abstract:

The process of basic innovations is analyzed with attention given to the logic involved. Current research theory centers around innovation as rational process involving prediction, regulation, and control. This research finds that innovation is not mechanical nor goal- driven solely. Innovative systems may be untidy by nature. Uniformity may occur, but only as a reflection of multiformity. Innovation is basically a self-organizing process. This research focuses on clues affecting fundamental technical advances, technical knowledge transfer and long-range economic growth. Innovation success is tied to the pursuit of many small scale experiments simultaneously, contrary to many judgements against duplication of effort in the research community. Research and development should be decentralized. Microelectronics, solar energy, and biotechnology advances may help global economic conditions. Future needs for research and development are less a matter of basic research effort than finding congruence in components of research and development. A table of inventions and innovations is featured, as are related tables and graphs of inventions by the year from 1850 to 1970, with economic aspects highlighted.

Economics, Growth, Microelectronics

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Intellectual property rights and technological innovation in agriculture

Article Abstract:

Agricultural productivity is greatly dependent on the development of new technologies. However, public policy is often inadequate in stimulating activity in the research and development sector which is responsible for providing technological advances. The establishment of an appropriate system of assigning intellectual property rights (IPR) can help encourage more research and development. This system of ascribing IPR on research programs or processes must take into consideration the special nature of agricultural research and should be designed as an economic incentive.

Analysis, Intellectual property, Agricultural innovations

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Simulating the discovery rate implications of technological innovation in oil and gas exploration

Article Abstract:

The potential effects of new technological improvements in available exploration technologies on the discovery rate, cumulative discoveries and finding cost characteristics of an area of exploration interestare studied using a simulation modeling framework that relies on geologic data.Results indicate that early introduction of the technological improvement improves efficiency but not is not capable of maximizing discovery capability. A delayed introduction of the technological innovation decreases efficiency butimproves maximization of discovery capability.

Oil and gas exploration services, Evaluation, Natural gas exploration, Oil and gas exploration, Petroleum exploration

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