Article Abstract:
Activation theories are analyzed with regard to task and work design, in an effort to revise these theories to allow for the often noted existence of two phenomena: (1) that non-stimulating tasks result in heightened arousal levels for workers, and (2) that individual differences account for many workers' responses to task designs and task characteristics. The hypotheses tested are: (1) that non-stimulating tasks create more negative worker reactions, (2) that electrodermal lability and extroversion can affect task-worker relationships, and (3) that activation levels and worker performance relationships could be described as an inverted-U diagrammatically. The research supported these hypotheses, but only to a 'modest' extent.
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Article Abstract:
A quantitative analysis of job characteristics related to 7,000 people in approximately 900 job positions used principal axis techniques, oblique factor rotations and PROCRUSTES transformations to demonstrate the validity of two job characteristic factors: task identity and job feedback. A third dimension, which combines skill variety, task significance and autonomy, is identified. The results of this research are discussed in terms of earlier research in the area of the dimensionality of job characteristics.
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Article Abstract:
Organizational commitment is related to psychological attachment. Psychological attachment has been shown to directly related to levels of compliance, identification and internalization. Identification and internalization are also related to prosocial behavior, and are discussed in terms of their adversarial relation to employee turnover.
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