Article Abstract:
The retrieval efficiency for secondary memory and processing resources decrease with age. Controlling the processing resources decreases the effect of age by 60% in the Logical Memory and the Cowboy Story Test. The age effect is removed in the Visual Reproduction Test but remains unchanged in the Extended Complex Figure Test. The age effect is larger for auditory-verbal retrieval than for visual-spatial retrieval processes. This suggests that auditory-verbal retrieval needs more processing resources than visual-spatial retrieval.
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Article Abstract:
Word-association priming is a conceptually driven task as both young and old adults show a generation effect. The older adults show a relatively preserved memory function in response to priming. Age and conscious awareness exhibit opposite effects in postimplicit retrieval. Younger adults make more Remember (R) responses than older adults, while the number of Know (K) responses are similar in both groups. The effect of age after word-association cued recall is more for R responses than K responses.
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Article Abstract:
A study of age differences in direct and indirect cued recall tests for the retrieval of implicit information in young and old adults revealed age differences due to the impact of target and cue set size and due to the type of test instruction. Compared to the second test, targets in the first test were significantly related to their cues. The direct test provided cues to enable the retrieval of the studied word, whereas the indirect test dealt with related words.
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