Article Abstract:
A scientific paper employed connectionist models to support the hypothesis that early cognitive limitations help rather than obstruct development. However, it is argued that because of the genetic basis of these limitations, connectionist simulations should refrain from using a tabula rasa approach to development and should incorporate genetically inherited constraints. The behavior of the organism causes undersampling in Artificial Life Neural Networks while in 'classical' neural networks, undersampling is brought about by the genes.
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Article Abstract:
Brian Vandenberg supports Levinas' concept that portrays a tension between two philosophical positions, namely, the traditional and the alternative Western way of knowing. The first focuses on the essential, the general and the objective while the second highlights the face-to-face encounter wherein relatedness is the main theme. Although bringing together the two languages is a daunting task, both sides may benefit from Vandenberg's essay and the cumulative evidence emanating from the discipline of developmental psychology.
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Article Abstract:
Human development can be best analyzed from a historical perspective. This eliminates the bias that may be present in multidisciplinary assessments. It is through the situated use of certain cultural tools that history manifests itself within the contemporary enactment of a pedagogical interaction. Human development can be studied through educational anthropology. The state of learning environments of the past can serve as viable historical landmarks.
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