Article Abstract:
Theologian Albert Schweitzer had a deep respect for history in his search for philosophical truth. In his book 'The Philosophy of Civilization,' Schweitzer even incorporated the concept of transhistorical as wedded to a historical perspective in the analysis of man's cultural progress and ethical behavior. He considered ethics as surpassing any historical element although its realization, imperfect as it may be, is within the bounds of historical reality.
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Article Abstract:
An analysis of the ideas presented in the theories of several philosopers and political thinkers revealed their interpretations and ideas on history and its stages. History, according to them, is composed of several stages and may be seen from a religious or political point of view. Theworks presented include those of St Augustine of Hippo, Karl Marx, Eric Voegelin, Voltaire, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
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Article Abstract:
The modern scholar must address the complex history of secularism in modern times. It must be recognized that religion can become fanatical and superstitious, but that it can also play a key role in reforming education and morals, and therefore society. It is now time to reestablish a rational moral philosophy, which presupposes epistemological realism or moderate realism.
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