Article Abstract:
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) has introduced almost all forms of democracy to Ethiopia, but the country still lacks the real substance of democracy. The EPRDF established the almost all-party conference that produced the Transition Charter very quickly after its military takeover in 1991, but failed to ensure that the 1992 regional elections did not have a very negative impact on the shift from an ethnically dominated empire to an ethnically egalitarian nation-state. Indeed, the EPRDF can be held responsible for for the failure of reconciliation.
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Article Abstract:
Corruption cleanup strategies, which include societal, legal, market and political ones, to minimize levels of bureaucratic corruption in African countries have been ineffective. All the failed strategies represent manipulation of outcomes within a given set of rules, and presuppose the existence of efficient counteracting institutions. An effective approach should involve reform of existing rules and subsequent selection and adoption of new rules, which will generate the desired social outcomes.
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Article Abstract:
Sudan is in the middle of a four-decade civil war between Arab-Muslim north and the liberation movement in the south which is predominantly Christian. Other African nations are becoming involved to take charge and find African solutions for Africa's problems. However, the international community will extend a helping hand only if African nations find it appropriate and necessary.
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