Article Abstract:
Limited information, localized knowledge and irreversibility of tangible and non-tangible production factors are all issues that prevent adjustment of firms to technological innovations. The study argues that firms can counteract the decline in their performance and increase in actual costs by changing technologies, introducing process and product innovations. Firms have to use the relevant knowledge that is acquired and localized by learning and the rate of technological change and the mix between product and process innovations is endogenous and localized.
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Article Abstract:
The 'network of networks' model can change the telecommunication system's structure according to demand and technology. It is the result of a compromise between the pressure of network operators mostly composed of strong government-owned corporations, the attempt of giant information equipment makers to obtain market share and the rising user sensitivity to increasing telecommunications bills based upon tariffs beyond unit costs.
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Article Abstract:
The introduction of new information and communication technology (ICT) resulted in widening and increasing asymmetries among countries and even regions within countries. The direction of technology change and the context of introduction interact and affect the actual effects of technological changes in depth.
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