Article Abstract:
Company directors' pay now appears to bear no relationship to corporate performance but rather to be linked to corporate growth. Very high pay awards were frequently made to top UK company directors in the early 1990s, despite the recession. Directors' remuneration rose by an average 20% a year during the 1980s and early 1990s, with any link between pay increases and corporate performance breaking down completely after 1988. Research indicates that an independent method should be used to determine pay awards for top directors.
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Article Abstract:
There have been significant changes in the UK coal industry since the miners' strike of 1984-1985. Most importantly, a large number of collieries have been shut down, with British Coal operating only 16 in 1994, from 170 in 1984. Research indicates that the collieries which have been most vulnerable to closure are those with low productivity. However, it is clear that other factors, such as local product and labour market conditions, were also taken into account when deciding which collieries to close.
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Article Abstract:
Labour unions have undergone a decline in the UK, but this decline was not markedly accelerated during the 1990-1993 recession. There have been changes in recognition of labor unions, reorganization of the labor force, and decentralization of pay, but these have not occurred mainly in companies hit by the recession. The impact of the recession has reinforced the retreat of labor unions, and this retreat is not likely to be reversed as the economy recovers.
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