Article Abstract:
Recent court cases regarding sex discrimination and dress codes have shown that the courts generally believed that if personal appearance regulations are reasonable and applied equitably to both men and women, they do not violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Dress codes that are built on demoralizing or offensive sexual stereotypes, however, are likely to be found unlawful. Cases such as: Carroll vs. Talman Federal Savings and Loan Association; Fagan vs. National Cash Register Co; and Knott vs. Missouri Pacific Railroad are discussed to illustrate key points about dress code regulations.
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Article Abstract:
The Supreme Court has not clearly established any legal guidelines for designing and implementing substance abuse control programs in the private sector. Employers must be aware of the constitutional rights of employees while creating drug and alcohol abuse programs. Drug testing is a questionable procedure, and it does not separate job drug use from home use or assess level of impairment. Protecting individual privacy is critical, and any illegal search and seizure, or company disclosures about an individual's drug use, may provoke an expensive lawsuit.
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Article Abstract:
Private settlements of employment disputes may not stop court action, according to two recent court decisions. In one, a demoted employees who claimed that her employer got her to waive sex and age discrimination charges with a promise that her salary would not be cut, was given the right to challenge the agreement in court. In another case, however, an employee was refused the right to court action because he had fraudulently altered his agreement document.
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