Article Abstract:
Employment law in the European Community (EC) is a civil law rather than a common law system like that of the UK. Judicial decisions in a civil law system are based on legislation. Unlike the common law system of the UK, where law is interpreted literally, under a civil law system judicial decisions attempt to interpret EC law in accordance with its intended purpose. EC employment law covers equality, the protection of employees' rights in layoffs, free movement of labor, transfers and insolvency, and health and safety. THE EC will be addressing more legislative proposals in the next two years, including: more free movement regulations; an instrument covering contract compliance; and an instrument covering financial sharing/equity participation.
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Article Abstract:
The European Community (EC) has taken measures to eliminate discrimination. While there is no legal basis for action against racial discrimination in EC treaties, EC institutions have undertaken programs to provide equal opportunity for ethnic minorities and migrants to the EC. The EC has implemented two long-term Helios programs to aid the 30 million disabled people in the EC. The programs have coordinated EC policy, promoted technical cooperation, and disseminated information. The EC will undertake a series of initiatives in 1991 to aid the elderly, a major concern in the EC due to the declining birthrate coupled with the rise in the numbers of the elderly.
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Article Abstract:
The European Community (EC) has been developing employment guidelines to encourage the participation of women in the workforce in many areas, including education, training, and development; the management of occupational and family duties; and working conditions. The employment directives issued by the EC cover equal pay; equal access to employment, vocational training, promotion, and working conditions; and social security. The EC Social Charter identified additional directives to be issued on many additional topics, including protection at work for pregnant women, childcare, and codes of conduct at work.
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