Article Abstract:
The anatomy of the urethra and vagina may be visualized in live patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coils in the colon and around the pelvis. Researchers imaged the pelvic anatomy of four continent women who had never had children and compared their normal anatomy to that of four incontinent women with lack of vaginal support. The normal anatomy showed that the bladder neck and urethra are supported by a shelf created by lateral insertion of connective tissue on top of the anterior vaginal wall. Normal MRI images show an H arrangement because of the support of this shelf. MRI images of incontinent women showed weakened or torn lateral insertions of connective tissue, and detachment of the vagina from connective tissue.
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Article Abstract:
A study was conducted to investigate how gestational age and prior vaginal birth affect cervical anatomy on magnetic resonance imaging during pregnancy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that cross-sectional area and signal intensity of the cervical stroma increase with increasing gestational age.
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Article Abstract:
An economic analysis of prophylactic antibiotic administration for elective cesarean delivery is conducted. It is found that administration of prophylactic antibiotics for elective cesarean delivery reduced the total cost of the procedure by about 2%.
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