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Emerging delivery systems for estrogen replacement: aspects of transdermal and oral delivery

Article Abstract:

New preparations of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) may improve effectiveness and increase the length of time women continue therapy. Over 40 preparations of ERT are being developed. Most new ERT preparations are transdermal patches, which are growing in acceptance. Postmenopausal women may decide to use ERT to get relief from uncomfortable hot flushes. ERT should induce premenopausal conditions with an even release of the drug into the body. Transdermal patches contain lower doses of estrogen than pills and decrease the risk of gallbladder disease associated with oral estrogen. Transdermal estrogen may be used by women with lupus, blood clotting problems, and by smokers. The main disadvantage of transdermal patches is skin irritation from the patch.

Methods, Transdermal medication, Transdermal drug delivery systems, Hormone therapy

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The clinical platform for the 17beta-estradiol vaginal releasing ring

Article Abstract:

A vaginal ring that slowly releases estrogen may be effective in reversing vaginal dryness in postmenopausal women who cannot or will not take hormone replacement therapy. The ring was introduced in the US in 1996 and has been tested in 11 clinical trials worldwide. It is smaller than a diaphragm, is placed in the upper third of the vagina and need not be removed during the three months it is active. It releases a constant low dose of estrogen that can reverse vaginal dryness and some urinary symptoms. Women who use it have blood estrogen levels in the range of postmenopausal women who are not on hormone therapy.

Care and treatment, Vagina, Medication by, Vaginal medication, Vaginal diseases

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