Article Abstract:
The role of specialized nurses with advanced degrees called clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) seems to be expanding and changing, particularly in managing high-risk infants. NPs and CNSs can provide in-hospital care for these special needs infants and aid in the transition from hospital to home care. They also can help develop educational and evaluation programs in these settings. Guidelines for these specialists' services and payment arrangements need further development.
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Article Abstract:
Advanced practice nurses (APNs) can play an important role in managing pain in newborns. Research has shown that newborns are capable of experiencing pain and may actually experience pain more intensely. APNs can monitor and alleviate pain in their newborn patients by either communication with the attending doctor or prescribing appropriate medication. APNs are also in a position to initiate further research into pain responses and methods to evaluate pain.
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Article Abstract:
The concept of nurse practitioners (NPs) having the authority to prescribe medications has been evolving. Some states allow NPs to prescribe independently, some require a doctor's supervision, and some do not allow it at all. Studies have shown that NPs prescribing medications has been both cost effective and beneficial. Doctors, state legislators, and NPs themselves have voiced opposition to allowing NPs to have authority to prescribe medications.
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