Article Abstract:
Study of parliamentary decisions in the German Bundestag, in light of key decisions of its first twelve parliamentary periods, 1949-94, shows that interventions by interest groups have had an influence. There are several modes of interest representation between the extremes of dominance of state and dominance of society. Germany has tended toward the situation in which two conflicting major interest groups had the dominant model of intermediation in liberal corporatism and that in which moderate pluralism of groups had as the dominant model of intermediation sponsored pluralism, subgovernment.
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Article Abstract:
The elections for the Russian Duma in Dec 1995 offered a preview of the factions that will be competing in Pres Yeltsin's reelection bid in June 1996. Members of the Duma are elected to represent a local constituency or by at-large party voting. The parties most closely affiliated with Yeltsin did not do particularly well, but a protest vote was expected. The Communist Party won one-third of the Duma seats, and its leader Gennady Zyuganov is considered a leading candidate for president.
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Article Abstract:
Parliamentary elections in the 1990s have failed to advance the forces of democracy for Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria or Morocco. These countries have diverse political interests that have been forced to express themselves through violence, informal associations, or religion.
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