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Tariff design and reform in a revenue-constrained economy: theory and an illustration from India

Article Abstract:

The theory of tariff reform in an economy with limited revenues such as India is discussed. Tariffs, applied primarily as a revenue earner, require a gap between producer and shadow prices to be effective. The raising of revenue, on the other hand, generally calls for differences between consumer and shadow prices. It is suggested that adopting a uniform tariff structure is the best non-discriminatory policy that a country like India could adopt.

Research, Economic policy, India, International trade regulation, Tariffs

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Re-examination of uniform commodity taxes under a non-linear income tax system and its implication for production efficiency

Article Abstract:

It is shown that the outcome of uniform commodity tax under nonlinear income taxation is inconsiderable when the production side of an economy is considered. The use of a nonlinear income tax system for income redistribution improves the government's ability to Pareto-improve welfare through distortions in the public sector. In addition, distortions can help relax incentive concerns in income redistribution resulting from asymmetric information.

Public Finance Activities, Production Management, Corporate Income Taxes, Analysis, Taxation, Economic aspects, Income tax, Commodities

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