Article Abstract:
In 1961, Herbert Mohring developed a model to explain urban-related land rents, which demonstrated that the economic value of land declined as one moved away from city centers. In extending Mohring's classic analysis of the inverse relationship between land rents and distance from city centers, other economic variables have been explicitly accounted for. These include the relationships among: housing, heating and transportation costs; structure durability; and future housing demand. This extended model is an excellent tool for evaluating city master plans, as demonstrated by its application to a Swedish city. The extended model employs cost-benefit analyses when evaluating these cost factors and their influence on land rent prices. Surveys of Mohring's model examine the assumptions underlying the model's development, prior to extending the model to include the cost factors and economic variables mentioned above.
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Article Abstract:
An evaluation method is presented that allows for comprehensive treatment of school closing problems. The method is applied to a real situation affecting two high schools in a Swedish city. Three aspects of the closing are examined: making quality-constant cost adjustments, assessing opportunity rents for the school facilities, and accounting for transportation cost increases. The consequences of the school closing should also be assessed for students and parents in terms of increased transportation distances and a more dangerous traffic milieu. Qualitative service differences should also be considered. It is suggested that measures should be identified that would 'lift' the poor school to the level of the better one.
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Article Abstract:
A city school system planning model is developed to demonstrate cost-minimizing evaluation of community school system plans within the larger context of an urban master plan. The model uses a tax-financed institution in Vasteras, Sweden as its basis. Evaluation problems related to planning alternatives are identified and discussed. Results indicate that the total costs of alternative school plans must be calculated if efficiency is the object of interest. Solutions for planning difficulties require a school plan drafting vehicle that is compatible with the overall city planning perspective. Applications of this model for planners are described.
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