Article Abstract:
Lead has become less ubiquitous in industrialized countries as a result of increasingly stringent policies to limit the use of this heavy metal as an anti-knock additive in gasoline after emission reached maximum rates in the 1960s and 1970s. An empirical model is constructed that estimates lead concentrations in human blood (PbB) given lead emissions in Europe (PbE) and it is found that the regulation instituted in Germany since the 1970s has reduced significant health hazards.
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Article Abstract:
Lead has become less ubiquitous in industrialized countries as a result of increasingly stringent policies to limit the use of this heavy metal as an anti-knock additive in gasoline after emission reached maximum rates in the 1960s and 1970s. An empirical model is constructed that estimates lead concentrations in human blood (PbB) given lead emissions in Europe (PbE) and it is found that the regulation instituted in Germany since the 1970s has reduced significant health hazards.
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Article Abstract:
A warmer and dryer European climate has increased ozone concentrations in Northern Europe. Thus, European Union has proposed Clean Air or Europe (CAFE) to revise the European air quality policy for ozone.
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