Article Abstract:
A useful strategy for urban environmental management is to include the informal sector in the urban built-environment. Physical accommodation of the informal sector is necessary to control environmental problems and to improve urban environmental management. The provision of proper business premises can be a positive step. Economic activities of the informal sector are responsible for minimum environmental pollution. The policies on urban environmental management need to solve the tenure status of the informal economic sector to enhance environmental discipline.
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Article Abstract:
The data envelopment analysis approach provides a good environmental performance indicator for industries. The development of an environmental indicator requires consideration of the production input, necessary production outputs, and the unnecessary outputs that cause pollution. The performance measurements indicate that the decision making units in companies differ in their opinions of environmental efficiency. The impact of the industrial activities on human health and environment is discussed.
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Article Abstract:
The rate of oil recovery is independent of the knowledge of the environmental costs and the rate goes to zero over time when either the environmental costs are known or not. In comparison to the risk neutral planners, the planners averse to risk start the oil recovery at a higher rate, vigorously lower the recovery rate and end with a higher speed. Estimation of the environmental costs are made on the flow related to the oil recovery rate with a stochastic component.
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