Article Abstract:
The two normative positions commonly put forward in environmental discussions, that future persons have a right to experience trees, and that future generations have no right to be brought into existence, are assessed. The majority of the population AA and AI persons, would probably support the proposition that trees ought to be provided by those in the present, for those in the future. Society may move towards an optimal number of tree per capita, and the normative principles combined would have the effect of increasing the number of trees.
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Article Abstract:
A model for the economic optimization of natural regeneration with seed trees was described. Data showed that a combination of a low number of seed trees with a long seed tree period is better than a combination of a high number seed trees with a short seed tree period. The optimal density of the future stand after precommercial thinning depended on the cleaning cost function. It was also found that it is economically optimal not to thin the Scots pine stand established with seed trees.
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Article Abstract:
A study monitors the loss of urban trees in Hong - Kong during two periods, 1993 - 1998 and 1999 - 2003. The predisposing causes were injuries sustained in roadwork and construction activities, both related to root damage and soil disturbance.
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