The variety of distribution systems

Article Abstract:

Distribution systems can be classified in a number of ways, such as systems involving manufacturers and retailers, and transactions within retail companies. Institutions which form part of the distribution channel can be classified. There are special circumstances relating to co-ops. Retailers which enjoy monopoly power are able to select suppliers and do not need binding contracts in order to control suppliers. Relations to cost and revenue can be used as determinants in outlining a classification system.

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Economic organization and conflict

Article Abstract:

Economic institutions can have an impact on levels of conflict. Certain types of economic institutions can reduce levelsof conflict and increase output and efficiency. This does not mean that governments should intervene in markets on a large scale, nor that segregation should be practised. There is a need for further research on types of transactions which promote understanding. The externality of hostility is not included in the notion of competitive equilibrium.

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Big-bang transformations on economic systems

Article Abstract:

The pace of economic reform is important and whether a slow or fast pace is appropriate may depend on economic institutions and their role in economic development. This varies from one country to another, so a detailed analysis is needed.

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