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R & D competition in a mixed duopoly under uncertainty and easy imitation

Article Abstract:

Public firms invest more in research and development (R & D) than private firms under a mixed R & D duopoly wherein product introduction is governed by uncertainty and easy imitation. Private firms manifest less R & D investment with respect to a private duopoly while public firms concurrently invest more in R & D. Moreover, in a mixed duopoly, private firms underinvest in R & D while public firms overinvest. Nonetheless, private and mixed duopolies cannot be compared explicitly in terms of social welfare.

Research & Development, Scientific Research and Development Services, Models, Research institutes, Duopolies

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Cultural determinants of economic performance

Article Abstract:

National culture influences relations among and within firms. Two cultural qualities essential for sustained economic development, scientific differentiation and high tension, are technical, operating under competitive individualism. Developed societies lack trust, Japan lacks atomism, and Eastern European countries rated weak on all three moral qualities. Associationist theory used to model cultural impact on economic performance indicates that leadership can engineer culture's effects.

Social aspects, Economic development, Organizational effectiveness, Culture

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The emergence of an industrial infrastructure for technological innovation

Article Abstract:

The process of technological innovation is examined through the broader framework of the social system of an industry's community and industrial network. This infrastructure can supply proprietary functions, as well as resource endowments that include research, financing and knowledge, and institutional arrangements that provide governance, legitimation, and technological standards. Nine propositions on the emergence of innovation are presented.

Infrastructure (Economics)

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