Article Abstract:
The effects on audit fees, external and internal auditing procedures and competition among audit firms of the requirements of the 1984 Single Audit Act are discussed. The emphasis on compliance with laws and regulations for federally assisted programs requires technical knowledge of government auditing standards and regulations, an added burden which could be considered for increasing audit fees. Governments are motivated to improve the quality of their internal audits to avoid audit risks and exposure risks. Auditing fees and quality of auditing performance may differentiate auditing firms.
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Article Abstract:
Issues concerning funding costs are discussed with reference to the decommissioning of nuclear plants. A comparative study of current costs and estimates of unfunded decommissioning costs revealed that the decommissioning costs should be regarded as a liability.
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Article Abstract:
Issues concerning a study of off-balance sheet research & development expenses are discussed with emphasis on their usefulness. The information asymmetry impact of these assets is examined and their effect on market liquidity is explored.
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