Article Abstract:
China should carry out several reforms in order to improve trade relations with the United States, and these are hinged round a move toward a market economy, with less state intervention in the form of state ownership and trade and investment barriers. Trade barriers include non-tariff barriers, such as licensing system, and excessive centralization, which could be eliminated by allowing companies to export and import directly, and by privatizing state firms. The United States can influence China's policies through incentives such as reduced control on the export of technology, though United States companies should realize that the problems faced by China are complex.
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Article Abstract:
Many developing nations have state-owned enterprises which are generally characterized by inefficiency and poor performance. At present, an increasing number of such nations are incorporating privatization as a major part of their economic programs. However, such programs are not without pitfalls and economic planners should consider many factors carefully. Lessons learned from past privatization programs are presented.
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Article Abstract:
The centrally planned economies of the Socialist countries were characterized by the large number of state-owned firms the governmments had in their portfolios. These nations have adopted privatization programs which are designed to sell large numbers of small enterprises, integrate assets for mass privatization or aggregate enterprises by branch of industry and then dispose of them by branches.
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