Article Abstract:
There have been calls for reform of UK planning practice, and in particular of the negotiated agreements or 'planning agreements' by which UK developers contribute to the provision of public infrastructure. Some proposals are based on the US system of impact fees, and such a system would bring benefits: impact fees could protect the quality of local services; generate additional revenue for local authorities; and offer a clearer framework for gauging the financial implications of new developments. However, what is really needed is reform of the statutory framework for town planning.
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Article Abstract:
The Town and Country Planning Act 1947 established the framework for the UK statutory planning system, but a comprehensive overhaul of the system is required. The basic structure is sound but the detailed components require modification, such as the national planning policy which is patchy and not always linked to legislation. Also the development plan system has been disrupted by local government reorganization and enforcement is too lengthy. There needs to be focus on the interface between development plans, agreements, control and enforcement.
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Article Abstract:
Issues concerning characteristics of the control mechanism of Portugal's urban development system are discussed. Particular attention is given to historical aspects of urban development control in Portugal and to effects of informal decision making processes.
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