Article Abstract:
A study has been conducted to investigate the mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobial compounds in phytopathogenic fungi and to examine the evidence for and against a role for antifungal compounds in plant defense. It has been found that secondary metabolites and some saponins are stored in plant cells as inactive precursors but are readily converted into biologically active antibiotics by plant enzymes in response to pathogenic attack. Findings have revealed that saponins function as preformed antifungal phytoprotectants.
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Article Abstract:
Virus transmission among plants is generally carried out when the needle-like mouthparts of vectors penetrate the cell wall of plants. These vectors, including arthropods, nematodes and fungi, feed on the plant by exerting a certain degree of mechanical force to pierce the plant's cell wall without damaging it. The virus is then carried in highly-motile zoospores which invade neighboring cells, thereby infecting them.
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Article Abstract:
This review addresses the presence of viruses in human and animal reproductive tracts and semen and their implications to the reproductive endocrinology. The virus distribution in tissues (testis, prostate) and fluids (semen), their site of action, and functional consequences of infection and sexual transmission of viruses in humans and animals are presented.
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