Article Abstract:
Experiments on mice reveal that high-temperature-short-time pasteurization of milk and water completely destroys the infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. A temperature of 71.7 degrees celsius sustained for 15 seconds renders oocysts noninfectious. C. parvum, a protozoan parasite, causes enteric infection and diarrhea in 79 species of mammals, including humans. Contaminated water is the main source of infection of the disease cryptosporidiosis which spreads by contact with infected animals or humans through the fecal-oral route.
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Article Abstract:
Oysters in natural waters harbor infectious Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. This was demonstrated in a study of the survival of oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum in artificial seawater of various salinities and various temperatures. Those placed in artificial seawater at salinities of 10, 20 and 30 ppt at 10 degrees Centigrade and at 10 ppt at 20 degrees Centigrade were infectious after 12 weeks. Oocysts placed in seawater at 20 ppt and 30 ppt at 20 degrees Centigrade were infectious for eight and four weeks, respectively.
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Article Abstract:
The in vitro interaction of Asian freshwater clam or Corbicula fluminea hemocytes and Cryptosporidium parvum oocycsts were examined to determine the interactions occurring between them. Results reveal that waterborne oocysts of Cryptosporidium are filtered from water by C. fluminea and are phagocytosed by hemocytes. Environmental factors affect the recovery and phygocytosis of particles and the kinetics of phagocytosis shown in vitro differ from each other.
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