Article Abstract:
Experimental studies reveal that Fos-protein expression during proliferative growth of the otic vesicle is developmentally regulated. Transition between cell proliferation and differentiation is regulated by the Fos regulation. Fos expression and growth of otic vesicle are suppressed by both retinoic acid and antisense oligonucleotides. Hair-cell differentiation is stimulated only by retinoic acid. Fos participates in the signaling mechanism, which regulates the normal development of the inner ear.
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Article Abstract:
All-trans-retinoic acid is required for normal cardiovascular development and for early development events in the quail embryo. During the development of the quail embryo, it is biosynthesized in the Hensen's node and in the caudal area during stage 5 and in heart-forming areas, head mesenchyme and nephrotome in stage 7 and 8. A monoclonal antibody against all-trans-retinoic acid blocks normal embryonic development in the quail embryo, causing cardiovascular abnormalities.
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Article Abstract:
A 14 kDa S-lectin called galectin-7 has been isolated in cultures of human skin cells. The expression of this lectin in keratinocyte cultures was inhibited by retinoic acid, which is involved in the growth and differentiation of skin. It appears to be expressed in all layers of skin and has a different sequence than other S-lectins.
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