Chk1 is an essential kinase that is regulated by Atr and required for the G(sub.2)/M DNA damage checkpoint

Article Abstract:

Chk1 has been found to be an essential kinase. It is evolutionarily conserved, regulated by Atr and is necessary for the G(sub.2)/M DNA damage checkpoint to function. It is thus essential in embryonic development and tumor suppression.

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Topoisomerase IV, alone, unknots DNA in E. coli

Article Abstract:

Topoisomerase IV, not gyrase, has been found to unknot DNA in Escherichia coli by itself and it is able to access DNA in the cell freely. It is possible now to assign the topological roles of the topoisomerases in E. coli. Clearly they have distinct roles, not overlapping ones. Limitations exist in finding the physiological function of a protein based on sequence similarity or even on biochemical activity in vitro.

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Double-strand end repair via the RecBC pathway in Escherichia coli primes DNA replication

Article Abstract:

Studies indicate a circular relationship between DNA recombination and replication in Escherichia coli experiments. By monitoring phage lambda chromosomes, researchers determined that the E. coli RecBC pathway employs double-strand ends to foster DNA synthesis, which in turn produces double-strand ends. This suggests that recombination's primary role is repairing disintegrated replication forks.

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