Article Abstract:
A study proposes that receptor recognition can initiate the conformational changes leading to membrane fusion for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). It is therefore important to analyze the virus-receptor interaction to shed light on HIV-1 entry. The identification of several members of the chemokine receptor family as coreceptors required for HIV-1 infection is expected to have profound implications on HIV-1 pathogenesis research, therapeutics and small animal models development, and natural resistance to infection studies.
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Article Abstract:
A study devises a successful method for generating a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against exposed epitopes of the native surrogate light chain proteins on human and mouse pre-B cells. In addition, the MAbs are used to define surrogate light chain expression as a function of cellular differentiation along the B cell axis. Specifically, cell surface expression is restricted to a relatively late stage in normal pre-B cell differentiation wherein receptor cross-linkage does not affect cell growth or the differentiation itself.
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Article Abstract:
Two TGFbeta ligands called DPP and SCW and two type I TGFbeta receptors called TKV and SAX are required in the dorsal-ventral (DV) process that patterns the embryonic ectoderm of Drosophila. TKV and SCW mediate DPP and TKV signaling activities, respectively. In addition, a negative regulator of the DV patterning called SOG, selectively inhibits SCW action. The interactions among these components as determined by mRNA injection assays are discussed.
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