Article Abstract:
Aspergillus parasiticus SU-1 has two ver-1 genes, ver-1A and ver-1B, of which only ver-1A is functional during aflatoxin (AF) biosynthesis. The gene product of ver-1A is associated with the conversion of versicolorin A into sterigmatocystin in AFB(sub 1) biosynthesis. A linearized plasmid used to disrupt the ver-1A and ver-1B gene by gene replacement disrupts only the ver-1A gene. The aflR gene, located in a duplicated chromosomal region upstream from ver-1A and ver-1B, also regulates AFB(sub 1) synthesis.
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Article Abstract:
The level of aflatoxin varies in the hulls, seed coats, and kernels of pistachios. Inoculation of fresh pistachio kernels with Aspergillus flavus produced colonies of A. flavus in wounded kernels, with the seed coat or without it. The fungal colonies and aflatoxin were undetected in intact kernels without seed coats. Fungal colonies could be found in the hulls but not aflatoxin. Wounded kernels with hulls had lower levels of aflatoxin than kernels without hulls.
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Article Abstract:
The plant growth regulator methyl jasmonate (MeJA) suppresses the formation of carcinogenic aflatoxins by Aspergillus flavus. Low concentrations of MeJA can reduce aflatoxin formation by 96%. The amount of inhibition depends on the timing of MeJA exposure. MeJA suppress Aspergillus spore germination and the formation of mycelial pigments. The inhibitory effect occurs probably indirectly via the activity of a receptor.
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