Article Abstract:
The mechanism of cell killing induced by cytopathic subgroups of avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses (ALV) is investigated. A gene was cloned encoding the chicken protein CAR1, which allowed specific infection of mammalian cells by ALV-B and ALV-D. The protein bound selectively to a subgroup B ALV SU-Ig fusion protein. CAR1 probably mediates viral entry by functioning as a specific receptor for viral subgroups B and D. The results suggest that cytopathic ALV Env-receptor interactions have a direct effect on virus-induced cell death.
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Article Abstract:
Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane in eukaryotes and the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes occurs through a hydrophilic channel that is part of a protein translocation machine. The channel also integrates membrane proteins into the lipid bilayer while coordinating a large number of different functions. Moreover, the channel acts as a passive conduit for polypeptides and associates with other components that determine translocation and the directionality of movement through the channel.
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Article Abstract:
Research elucidates the mechanism of avian leukosis viral entry which, deviates from the known mechanism operating in influenza A virus. Data point out that the receptor interaction results in the conversion of a pH-insensitive avian viral envelope glycoprotein to respond to low pH conditions favoring the retroviral entry.
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