Article Abstract:
Association of biological markers in a group of African-Americans has been studied. Findings indicate that waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is the best indicator for biological marker variance, including cholesterol and ApoB levels for females. Females are more likely by a factor of four to be obese than males and twice as likely as European-Americans to be obese. Among factors studied were HDL and LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, ApoA-1 and ApoB. They were related to conicity index, WHR, BMI, and bioelectrical impedance analysis and estimates of body composition.
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Article Abstract:
Eleven anthropometric fat patterning variables have been studied in healthy unrelated males aged 19-65 in two populations of Central Asia. Uighurs have higher values than Kazakhs for the characteristics related to fat, with factors related to age taken into account. Principal components analysis indicates that a similar somatic structure may exist in the two groups. Stress, likely related to nutrition and lifestyle in a mountain environment, may account for more adipose tissue in the Kazakhs. The Uighurs live on the plains.
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Article Abstract:
Hydrodensitometry was used in the early 1900s to quantify bodyfat through underwater weighing. It was refined in the early 1940s to determine density, which led to the two-compartment model of body composition. This separates the body into fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM). In the 1950s this developed into the three-compartment model of FM, total body water (TBW) and fat-free dry solid. Later a four-compartment model of FM, TBW, bone mineral mass and residual, was developed.
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