Article Abstract:
A DNA ori fragment in the intergenic region between the early and late gene regions of the prolate lactococcal phage c2 is responsible for DNA replication in Lactococcus lactis. The close association of the c2 ori fragment with the late and early gene promoter regions indicates that replication is codirectional with transcription. The ori region has no open reading frames indicating that host factors are enough for beginning DNA replication at ori. The c2 ori shares some conserved sequences with the corresponding areas of other prolate phages.
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Article Abstract:
The Giardia cyst concentration and viability in the water samples collected from two community drinking water supplies in the western Canadian province of British Columbia is lower in chlorinated water than in raw water. The viability and concentration of the cysts is also less in water settled in reservoirs. Almost 64% of the water samples are positive for cysts. The water samples from one community show seasonality in the protozoan contamination. This suggests that low-level endemic transmission is taking place in the communities.
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Article Abstract:
Somatic coliphages are less susceptible to inactivation by sunlight than F-RNA phages and fecal coliforms. For this reason, they may be a better indication of fecal contamination of marine water.
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