Article Abstract:
NEDD8, a ubiquitin (Ub)-like protein, modifies a novel ubiquitinylation-related pathway. The protein was activated by an E1 (Ub-activating enzyme)-like complex. The complex is made up of APP-BP1 and hUba3 which are highly homologous to the amino- and carboxy-terminal regions of E1. It is linked to hUbc12. The major target protein modified by NEDD8 is Hs-cullin-4A (Cul-4A). That is a member of the family of human cullin/Cdc53 proteins; it is a necessary part of a multifunction Ub-protein ligase E3 complex with an important role in Ub-mediated proteolysis.
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Article Abstract:
More than half the genes that code for initiation proteins are activated after stimulation of cell growth. They are regulated by E2F. With other findings this has led to a proposal that E2F3 activity is important in the cell cycle of proliferating cells and controls expression of genes whose products are rate limiting for starting DNA replication. That would give greater control of entry into S phase than would be possible from post-transcriptional control by itself.
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Article Abstract:
The distinct fates of daughter cells in asymmetric cell division are determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Asymmetric cell division refers to a process that generates cell diversity, since the daughter cells have different fates. Studies of asymmetric cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans and the nervous systems of Drosophila are reviewed.
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