A dominant complement fixation pathway for pneumococcal polysaccharides initiated by SIGN-R1 interacting with C1q

Article Abstract:

The spleen and C3 provides resistance against blood-borne S. pneumoniae infection, to understand the mechanisms involved SIGN-RI is studied, a lectin that captures microbial polysaccharides in spleen. It is found that SIGN-R1 directly bound the complement C1 subcomponent, C1q, and assembled a C3 convertase, but without the traditional requirement for either antibody or factor B.

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Maternal Wnt11 activates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway required for axis formation in Xenopus embryos

Article Abstract:

The study provides three lines of evidence that the pathway specifying the dorsal axis is activated extracellulary in Xenopus embryos. It is shown that Wnt11 is necessary and sufficient for axis specification upstream of beta-catenin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and FRL1 may be cofactors for Wnt11 in the context of the axis initiation pathway.

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A pharmacological map of the PI3-K family defines a role for p110alpha in insulin signaling

Article Abstract:

An approach is described to pharmacologically interrogate the PI3-K family. It is found that p110alpha is the primary insulin-responsive PI3-K in cultured cells, whereas p110beta is dispensable but sets a phenotypic threshold for p110alpha activity.

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