Article Abstract:
Shareholder value is measured by subtracting a capital charge, or shareholder value added, from revenues. The figure is obtained by subtracting the cost of capital from net after-tax operating profit. The amount of capital, or opportunity cost, consists of both debt and equity. Shareholder value increases if profit increases with increasing capital, if capital that does not earn more than its cost is sold or redeployed, or new capital is invested in such a way that it earns more than the cost of capital.
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Article Abstract:
The problems involved with correcting the year 2000 computer bus bring up several issues for accountants. Directors of companies which are not successfully transitioned could be liable for tax penalties in Australia. The Australian Stock Exchange Ltd. requires companies to disclose their plans to resolve the problem. Modifications costs need to be accounted for. Software to elminate viruses and bugs may be deductible. The ASCPA Library Network and several websites can provide additional information.
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Article Abstract:
The year 2000 problem can occur in embedded software as well as in large computer systems. These computer-copntrolled devices have limited processing capability and memory, and are likely to contain two-digit dates. Difficulties in resolving the problem include identification, redoing critical functions, and non-standard components. With imported systems, technical information is also not available, nor are changes in specifications. Fewn error-checking
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